A Biomechanical Analysis of British Army Foot-Drill: Implications of Lower-Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in Age-matched Civilian Men and Women (2019)
Thesis
Rawcliffe, A. J. A Biomechanical Analysis of British Army Foot-Drill: Implications of Lower-Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in Age-matched Civilian Men and Women. (Thesis). Edinburgh Napier University. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2090019

British Army foot-drill may be a risk factor for musculoskeletal (MSK) injury. However, limited empirical research exists quantifying lower-extremity risk factors of foot-drill in men and women. To better understand and provide greater insight into t... Read More about A Biomechanical Analysis of British Army Foot-Drill: Implications of Lower-Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in Age-matched Civilian Men and Women.

Blood flow restriction exercise attenuates the exercise-induced endothelial progenitor cells in healthy, young men. (2019)
Journal Article
Montgomery, R., Paterson, A., Williamson, C., Florida-James, G., & Ross, M. D. (2019). Blood flow restriction exercise attenuates the exercise-induced endothelial progenitor cells in healthy, young men. Frontiers in Physiology, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00447

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a vasculogenic subset of progenitors, which play a key role in maintenance of endothelial integrity. These cells are exercise-responsive, and thus exercise may play a key role in vascular repair and maintenance... Read More about Blood flow restriction exercise attenuates the exercise-induced endothelial progenitor cells in healthy, young men..

Determination of hand-transmitted vibration risk on the human (2019)
Journal Article
Maeda, S., Taylor, M., Anderson, L. C., & McLaughlin, J. (2019). Determination of hand-transmitted vibration risk on the human. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 70, 28-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2019.01.002

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the proposed consideration for hand-transmitted vibration measurement on the human. Method: To obtain the temporary threshold shift (TTS) in the fingertip vibrotactile perception... Read More about Determination of hand-transmitted vibration risk on the human.

Determination of ankle and metatarsophalangeal stiffness during walking and jogging (2018)
Journal Article
Mager, F., Richards, J., Hennies, M., Dötzel, E., Chohan, A., Mbuli, A., & Capanni, F. (2018). Determination of ankle and metatarsophalangeal stiffness during walking and jogging. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 34(6), 448-453. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0265

Forefoot stiffness has been shown to influence joint biomechanics. However, little or no data exist on metatarsophalangeal stiffness. Twenty-four healthy rearfoot strike runners were recruited from a staff and student population at the University of... Read More about Determination of ankle and metatarsophalangeal stiffness during walking and jogging.

The effect of the branched-chain amino acids on the in-vitro activity of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase (2018)
Journal Article
Boyd, G. W., Drew, M., Ward, S., Baird, M., Graham, S. M., & Connaboy, C. (2018). The effect of the branched-chain amino acids on the in-vitro activity of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0449

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are used as nutritional support for patients with a range of conditions including liver cirrhosis and in-born errors of amino acid metabolism, and are commonly used “sports”/exercise supplements. The effects of the B... Read More about The effect of the branched-chain amino acids on the in-vitro activity of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase.

FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression (2017)
Journal Article
Ikpegbu, E., Basta, L., Clements, D. N., Fleming, R., Vincent, T. L., Buttle, D. J., Pitsillides, A. A., Staines, K. A., & Farquharson, C. (2018). FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 233(7), 5334-5347. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26345

E11/podoplanin is critical in the early stages of osteoblast-to-osteocyte transitions (osteocytogenesis) however the upstream events which regulate E11 expression are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of FGF-2 on E11-mediated... Read More about FGF-2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression.

Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice (2017)
Journal Article
Mosey, H., Núñez, J. A., Goring, A., Clarkin, C. E., Staines, K. A., Lee, P. D., Pitsillides, A. A., & Javaheri, B. (2017). Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice. Frontiers in Materials, 4, Article 27. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2017.00027

SCLEROSTIN (Sost) is expressed predominantly in osteocytes acting as a negative regulator of bone formation. In humans, mutations in the SOST gene lead to skeletal overgrowth and increased bone mineral density, suggesting that SCLEROSTIN is a key reg... Read More about Sost deficiency does not alter bone’s lacunar or vascular porosity in mice.

A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1 -deficient mice (2017)
Journal Article
-deficient mice. Journal of Anatomy, 231(2), 298-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12628

The phosphatase PHOSPHO1 is involved in the initiation of biomineralisation. Bones in Phospho1 KO mice show histological osteomalacia with frequent bowing of long bones and spontaneous fractures: they contain less mineral, with smaller mineral crysta... Read More about A distinctive patchy osteomalacia characterises Phospho1 -deficient mice.

The expression of the chloride co-transporters NKCC1 and KCC2 is reversed in the penumbra following (2017)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Baudel, M., Rae, M., Fraser, J., & Poole, A. (2017, April). The expression of the chloride co-transporters NKCC1 and KCC2 is reversed in the penumbra following. Presented at BNA 2017

Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide. The harm caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain unfolds in the subsequent hours and days, so it is critical to identify new therapeutic targets that could reduce neur... Read More about The expression of the chloride co-transporters NKCC1 and KCC2 is reversed in the penumbra following.

TetraploidSNPMap: Software for Linkage Analysis and QTL Mapping in Autotetraploid Populations Using SNP Dosage Data (2017)
Journal Article
Hackett, C. A., Boskamp, B., Vogogias, A., Preedy, K. F., & Milne, I. (2017). TetraploidSNPMap: Software for Linkage Analysis and QTL Mapping in Autotetraploid Populations Using SNP Dosage Data. Journal of Heredity, 108(4), 438-442. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esx022

An earlier software application of ours, TetraploidMap for Windows, enabled linkage analysis and quantitative trait locus interval mapping to be carried out in an experimental cross of an autotetraploid species, using both dominant markers such as am... Read More about TetraploidSNPMap: Software for Linkage Analysis and QTL Mapping in Autotetraploid Populations Using SNP Dosage Data.

Overexpression of TIMP-3 in Chondrocytes Produces Transient Reduction in Growth Plate Length but Permanently Reduces Adult Bone Quality and Quantity (2016)
Journal Article
Poulet, B., Liu, K., Plumb, D., Vo, P., Shah, M., Staines, K., Sampson, A., Nakamura, H., Nagase, H., Carriero, A., Shefelbine, S., Pitsillides, A. A., & Bou-Gharios, G. (2016). Overexpression of TIMP-3 in Chondrocytes Produces Transient Reduction in Growth Plate Length but Permanently Reduces Adult Bone Quality and Quantity. PLOS ONE, 11(12), Article e0167971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167971

Bone development and length relies on the growth plate formation, which is dependent on degradative enzymes such as MMPs. Indeed, deletion of specific members of this enzyme family in mice results in important joint and bone abnormalities, suggesting... Read More about Overexpression of TIMP-3 in Chondrocytes Produces Transient Reduction in Growth Plate Length but Permanently Reduces Adult Bone Quality and Quantity.

Opportunistic screening to detect atrial fibrillation in Aboriginal adults in Australia (2016)
Journal Article
Gwynne, K., Flaskas, Y., O'Brien, C., Jeffries, T. L., McCowen, D., Finlayson, H., Martin, T., Neubeck, L., & Freedman, B. (2016). Opportunistic screening to detect atrial fibrillation in Aboriginal adults in Australia. BMJ Open, 6(11), Article e013576. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013576

Introduction There is a 10-year gap in life expectancy between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians. The leading cause of death for Aboriginal Australians is cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Although atrial fib... Read More about Opportunistic screening to detect atrial fibrillation in Aboriginal adults in Australia.

A role for the metalloprotease invadolysin in insulin signaling and adipogenesis (2016)
Journal Article
Chang, C.-W., Abhinav, K., Di Cara, F., Panagakou, I., Vass, S., & Heck, M. M. (2017). A role for the metalloprotease invadolysin in insulin signaling and adipogenesis. Biological Chemistry, 398(3), 373-393. https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2016-0226

Invadolysin is a novel metalloprotease conserved amongst metazoans that is essential for life in Drosophila. We previously showed that invadolysin was essential for the cell cycle and cell migration, linking to metabolism through a role in lipid stor... Read More about A role for the metalloprotease invadolysin in insulin signaling and adipogenesis.

The Expression of PHOSPHO1, nSMase2 and TNAP is Coordinately Regulated by Continuous PTH Exposure in Mineralising Osteoblast Cultures (2016)
Journal Article
Houston, D. A., Myers, K., MacRae, V. E., Staines, K. A., & Farquharson, C. (2016). The Expression of PHOSPHO1, nSMase2 and TNAP is Coordinately Regulated by Continuous PTH Exposure in Mineralising Osteoblast Cultures. Calcified Tissue International, 99(5), 510-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-016-0176-9

Sustained exposure to high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), as observed in hyperparathyroidism, are catabolic to bone. The increase in the RANKL/OPG ratio in response to continuous PTH, resulting in increased osteoclastogenesis is well establishe... Read More about The Expression of PHOSPHO1, nSMase2 and TNAP is Coordinately Regulated by Continuous PTH Exposure in Mineralising Osteoblast Cultures.

Models of ex vivo explant cultures: applications in bone research (2016)
Journal Article
Marino, S., Staines, K. A., Brown, G., Howard-Jones, R. A., & Adamczyk, M. (2016). Models of ex vivo explant cultures: applications in bone research. BoneKEy Reports, 5, 818. https://doi.org/10.1038/bonekey.2016.49

Ex vivo explant culture models are powerful tools in bone research. They allow investigation of bone and cartilage responses to specific stimuli in a controlled manner that closely mimics the in vivo processes. Because of limitations in
obtaining he... Read More about Models of ex vivo explant cultures: applications in bone research.

Antiviral host defence peptides. (2016)
Book Chapter
Sousa, F. H., Casanova, V., Stevens, C., & Barlow, P. G. (2016). Antiviral host defence peptides. In R. M. Epand (Ed.), Host Defense Peptides and Their Potential as Therapeutic Agents (57-94). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32949-9_3

The on going global mortality and morbidity associated with viral pathogens highlights the need for the continued development of effective, novel antiviral molecules. The antiviral activity of cationic host defence peptides is of significant interest... Read More about Antiviral host defence peptides..

Endochondral Growth Defect and Deployment of Transient Chondrocyte Behaviors Underlie Osteoarthritis Onset in a Natural Murine Model (2016)
Journal Article
Staines, K. A., Madi, K., Mirczuk, S. M., Parker, S., Burleigh, A., Poulet, B., Hopkinson, M., Bodey, A. J., Fowkes, R. C., Farquharson, C., Lee, P. D., & Pitsillides, A. A. (2016). Endochondral Growth Defect and Deployment of Transient Chondrocyte Behaviors Underlie Osteoarthritis Onset in a Natural Murine Model. Arthritis and Rheumatology, 68(4), 880-891. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.39508

OBJECTIVE:
To explore whether aberrant transient chondrocyte behaviors occur in the joints of STR/Ort mice (which spontaneously develop osteoarthritis [OA]) and whether they are attributable to an endochondral growth defect.
METHODS:
Knee joints f... Read More about Endochondral Growth Defect and Deployment of Transient Chondrocyte Behaviors Underlie Osteoarthritis Onset in a Natural Murine Model.

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification (2016)
Journal Article
Houston, D. A., Staines, K. A., MacRae, V. E., & Farquharson, C. (2016). Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 118(118), Article e54978. https://doi.org/10.3791/54978

The fundamental process of endochondral ossification is under tight regulation in the healthy individual so as to prevent disturbed development and/or longitudinal bone growth. As such, it is imperative that we further our understanding of the underp... Read More about Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification.

E11/Podoplanin Protein Stabilization Through Inhibition of the Proteasome Promotes Osteocyte Differentiation in Murine in Vitro Models (2015)
Journal Article
Staines, K. A., Prideaux, M., Allen, S., Buttle, D. J., Pitsillides, A. A., & Farquharson, C. (2016). E11/Podoplanin Protein Stabilization Through Inhibition of the Proteasome Promotes Osteocyte Differentiation in Murine in Vitro Models. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 231(6), 1392-1404. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25282

The transmembrane glycoprotein E11 is considered critical in early osteoblast–osteocyte transitions (osteocytogenesis), however its function and regulatory mechanisms are still unknown. Using the late osteoblast MLO-A5 cell line we reveal increased E... Read More about E11/Podoplanin Protein Stabilization Through Inhibition of the Proteasome Promotes Osteocyte Differentiation in Murine in Vitro Models.

Expression of Sulf1 and Sulf2 in cartilage, bone and endochondral fracture healing (2015)
Journal Article
Zaman, G., Farquharson, C., Staines, K. A., Newton, P. T., Dudhia, J., Chenu, C., Pitsillides, A. A., & Dhoot, G. K. (2016). Expression of Sulf1 and Sulf2 in cartilage, bone and endochondral fracture healing. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 145(1), 67-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-015-1365-8

SULF1/SULF2 enzymes regulate cell signalling that impacts the growth and differentiation of many tissues. To determine their possible role in cartilage and bone growth or repair, their expression was examined during development and bone fracture heal... Read More about Expression of Sulf1 and Sulf2 in cartilage, bone and endochondral fracture healing.