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Pup escorting in the communal breeding banded mongoose: behavior, benefits and maintenance. (2004)
Journal Article
Gilchrist, J. (2004). Pup escorting in the communal breeding banded mongoose: behavior, benefits and maintenance. Behavioral ecology official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology, 15, 952-960. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arh071

In cooperatively breeding species, helpers typically provide food to offspring, and distribute food throughout the brood or litter. However, in the communal breeding banded mongoose (Mungos mungo), some group members escort individual pups during the... Read More about Pup escorting in the communal breeding banded mongoose: behavior, benefits and maintenance..

Mangrove fish: a comparison of community structure between forested and cleared habitats (2004)
Journal Article
Huxham, M., Kimani, E., & Augley, J. (2004). Mangrove fish: a comparison of community structure between forested and cleared habitats. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 60(4), 637-647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2004.03.003

The fish communities of mangrove and cleared sites were investigated in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Five forested sites were compared with paired sites that had been cleared of mangroves by human activity. Forested sites included plantations and natural stands... Read More about Mangrove fish: a comparison of community structure between forested and cleared habitats.

The road out of poverty. (2004)
Book Chapter
Smith, D. (2004). The road out of poverty. In B. Siderman-Wolter (Ed.), Positive Developments: A photographic exhibition held at the Eden Project (22-23). Natural Resources International Limited

Donkey ownership in Ethiopia can directly improve people's livelihoods, even the landless and powerless. Donkey ownership diversifies income-generating activities and reduces labour burden within the household. Better health and welfare of donkeys e... Read More about The road out of poverty..

Kennel cough. (2004)
Journal Article
Fraser, M. (2004). Kennel cough. Vet Times,

Inter-population dispersal by adult stoneflies detected by stable isotope enrichment (2004)
Journal Article
Briers, R. A., Gee, J. H. R., Cariss, H. M., & Geoghegan, R. (2004). Inter-population dispersal by adult stoneflies detected by stable isotope enrichment. Freshwater Biology, 49(4), 425-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01198.x

1. Dispersal of adult stream insects may be of considerable importance in regional population dynamics and colonisation of new sites, but quantifying the rate and extent of dispersal is difficult.

2. We used stable isotope (15N) enrichment to mark... Read More about Inter-population dispersal by adult stoneflies detected by stable isotope enrichment.

Examination of serum total IgG1 concentration in atopic and non-atopic dogs (2004)
Journal Article
Fraser, M., McNeil, P. E., & Gettinby, G. (2004). Examination of serum total IgG1 concentration in atopic and non-atopic dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 45(4), 186-190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00222.x

In this study, serum immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) concentrations were examined in atopic and non-atopic dogs receiving different levels of parasite control. Significantly lower serum total IgG1 concentrations were found in non-atopic dogs receiving strin... Read More about Examination of serum total IgG1 concentration in atopic and non-atopic dogs.

Migratory timing of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the central North Pacific varies with age, sex and reproductive status. (2003)
Journal Article
Craig, A. S., Herman, L. M., Gabriele, C. M., & Pack, A. A. (2003). Migratory timing of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the central North Pacific varies with age, sex and reproductive status. Behaviour, 140, 981-1000. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853903322589605

Humpback whales migrate seasonally between high-latitude summer feeding grounds and low-latitude winter breeding grounds. Identification photographs of humpback whales were collected in the Hawaiian Islands between 1977 and 1995, and sighting histori... Read More about Migratory timing of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the central North Pacific varies with age, sex and reproductive status..

Studies of serum total immunoglobulin E concentrations in atopic and non-atopic dogs. (2003)
Journal Article
Fraser, M., McNeil, P. E., & Gettinby, G. (2003). Studies of serum total immunoglobulin E concentrations in atopic and non-atopic dogs. Veterinary Record, 152, 159-163. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.152.6.159

The serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations of two groups of atopic dogs and three groups of non-atopic dogs were compared. There was a wide range of concentrations with a high degree of overlap between the groups. The serum total IgE conce... Read More about Studies of serum total immunoglobulin E concentrations in atopic and non-atopic dogs..

Physiology Relevant to Anaesthesia. (2003)
Book Chapter
Fraser, M. (2003). Physiology Relevant to Anaesthesia. In E. Welsh (Ed.), Anaesthesia for Veterinary Nurses, 1st edition (15-33). Blackwell

The Sustainability of Whale-watching in Scotland (2003)
Journal Article
Woods-Ballard, A., Parsons, E., Velander, K., Hughes, A., Ladle, R., & Warburton, C. (2003). The Sustainability of Whale-watching in Scotland. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(1), 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580308667192

Scotland's tourism trade grosses £2.5 billion annually and supports 180,000 jobs; whale-watching is an important part of this activity. Whales and dolphins are the country's number one wildlife attraction and with 11,770 km of coastline the potential... Read More about The Sustainability of Whale-watching in Scotland.

Fishing behavior in a giant tailess whip spider. (2003)
Journal Article
Ladle, R. J., & Velander, K. (2003). Fishing behavior in a giant tailess whip spider. Journal of Arachnology, 31, 154-156

Whip spiders (Amblypygi) are a small and understudied group of arachnids characterised by long antenniform legs and raptorial pedipalps. Due to their nocturnal habits, secretive nature and geographical distribution there have been very few studies o... Read More about Fishing behavior in a giant tailess whip spider..

Avian dermatology. (2002)
Journal Article
Fraser, M., & Girling, S. J. (2002). Avian dermatology. VN Times, 2,

Penis extrusions by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the Hawaiian winter grounds. (2002)
Journal Article
Pack, A. A., Herman, L. M., Craig, A. S., Spitz, S. S., & Deakos, M. H. (2002). Penis extrusions by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the Hawaiian winter grounds. Aquatic mammals, 28, 131-146

The annual winter assembly of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in tropical waters has been linked to reproductive activities, including birthing, calf-rearing, and mating. However, the sexual behaviour of this species remains largely undescri... Read More about Penis extrusions by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the Hawaiian winter grounds..

Improving the productivity of donkeys in Ethiopia. (2002)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Ocheing, F., Alemayahu, M., & Smith, D. (2002, November). Improving the productivity of donkeys in Ethiopia. Presented at Responding to the Increasing Global Demand for Animal Products

In Ethiopia, animal traction contributes significantly in supporting both rural and urban livelihoods. Draught
animals provide smallholder farmers and transport operators with vital power for agricultural and transport work, and is a major player in... Read More about Improving the productivity of donkeys in Ethiopia..

The effects of refuse-feeding on home-range use, group size, and intergroup encounters in the banded mongoose. (2002)
Journal Article
Gilchrist, J., & Otali, E. (2002). The effects of refuse-feeding on home-range use, group size, and intergroup encounters in the banded mongoose. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80(10), 1795-1802. https://doi.org/10.1139/z02-113

The effects of food availability and distribution on population dynamics have been the subject of numerous experimental studies, but no study has quantified the effects of a concentrated supplementary food supply on groups of a social carnivore. We i... Read More about The effects of refuse-feeding on home-range use, group size, and intergroup encounters in the banded mongoose..

Male mate choice and male-male competition coexist in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). (2002)
Journal Article
Craig, A. S., Herman, L. M., & Pack, A. A. (2002). Male mate choice and male-male competition coexist in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80(4), 745-755. https://doi.org/10.1139/z02-050

Male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) outnumber females on the winter grounds and compete physically for proximity to females. Analyses of identification photographs collected in Hawai¢i from 1976 through
1995 and scan samples collected in 1... Read More about Male mate choice and male-male competition coexist in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)..