Eye-Tracking Assistive Technologies for Individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Edughele, Hilary O; Zhang, Yinghui; Muhammad-Sukki, Firdaus; Vien, Quoc-Tuan; Morris-Cafiero, Haley; Opoku Agyeman, Michael

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as ALS, is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in the loss of muscle control. For individuals with ALS, where mobility is limited to the movement of the eyes, the use of eye-tracking-based applications can be applied to achieve some basic tasks with certain digital interfaces. This paper presents a review of existing eye-tracking software and hardware through which eye-tracking their application is sketched as an assistive technology to cope with ALS. Eye-tracking also provides a suitable alternative as control of game elements. Furthermore, artificial intelligence has been utilized to improve eye-tracking technology with significant improvement in calibration and accuracy. Gaps in literature are highlighted in the study to offer a direction for future research.

Citation

Edughele, H. O., Zhang, Y., Muhammad-Sukki, F., Vien, Q., Morris-Cafiero, H., & Opoku Agyeman, M. (2022). Eye-Tracking Assistive Technologies for Individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. IEEE Access, 10, 41938-41958. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3164075

• Journal Article Type: Review
• Acceptance Date: Mar 23, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Apr 1, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022
• Deposit Date: Mar 25, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 1, 2022
• Journal: IEEE Access
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 10
• Pages: 41938-41958
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3164075
• Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; artificial intelligence; assistive technology; eye-tracking
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2858271