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Creatine supplementation and exercise as possible therapeutic treatments in Parkinson’s Disease: A review

Graham, S. M.; Baird, M.; Boyd, G. W.

Authors

M. Baird

G. W. Boyd



Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative condition after Alzheimer’s Disease. It is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in
the substantia nigra region of the brain. Symptoms and signs manifest as motor disorders affecting balance and physical capacity, and non-motor symptoms such as cognitive decline and mood disorders. People with PD face considerable difficulties coping with associated physical and psychological changes that affect their quality of life. The main form of treatment is pharmacological, which alleviates some of the symptoms but does not slow the progression of the disease. Creatine monohydrate (Cr) may have therapeutic benefits in conditions where energy dysfunction and high rates of apoptosis are present. Cr supplementation may provide a protective effect by augmenting cytosolic high energy phosphate stores, thereby prolonging the survival of ‘at risk’ cells of neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests supplementation may offer specific benefits in the treatment of mood disorders associated with
PD. Many different types of exercise improve physical capacity, balance, and quality of life.
Research has recently demonstrated the potential benefits in PD of diverse modes of exercise, such as aquatic exercise and boxing. Combining exercise with Cr supplementation can enhance exercise induced muscular strength and power adaptations and may further improve exercise capacity and neuromuscular function. This review will critique evidence relating to the potential efficacy of Cr supplementation and exercise as a putative therapeutic approach in the treatment of the physiological and psychological challenges presented by PD.

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Feb 10, 2014
Publication Date 2014
Deposit Date Jul 13, 2017
Publicly Available Date Jul 14, 2017
Journal Archives of Exercise in Health and Disease
Print ISSN 1647-1652
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 4
Issue 3
Pages 286-298
DOI https://doi.org/10.5628/aehd.v4i3.169
Keywords Parkinson’s disease; mood disorders; creatine; supplementation; oxidative stress; exercise training
Public URL http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/961255
Contract Date Jul 14, 2017

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©2012 CIAFEL. This is an Open Access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.en). You
are free: to share, to copy, distribute and transmit the work,
provided the original author and source are credited.







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