Machine-Learning Methods for Computational Science and Engineering

Frank, Michael; Drikakis, Dimitris; Charissis, Vassilis

Abstract

The re-kindled fascination in machine learning (ML), observed over the last few decades, has also percolated into natural sciences and engineering. ML algorithms are now used in scientific computing, as well as in data-mining and processing. In this paper, we provide a review of the state-of-the-art in ML for computational science and engineering. We discuss ways of using ML to speed up or improve the quality of simulation techniques such as computational fluid dynamics, molecular dynamics, and structural analysis. We explore the ability of ML to produce computationally efficient surrogate models of physical applications that circumvent the need for the more expensive simulation techniques entirely. We also discuss how ML can be used to process large amounts of data, using as examples many different scientific fields, such as engineering, medicine, astronomy and computing. Finally, we review how ML has been used to create more realistic and responsive virtual reality applications.

Citation

Frank, M., Drikakis, D., & Charissis, V. (2020). Machine-Learning Methods for Computational Science and Engineering. Computation, 8(1), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation8010015

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 13, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Mar 3, 2020
• Publication Date: 2020
• Deposit Date: Apr 3, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 3, 2023
• Journal: Computation
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 8
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 15
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/computation8010015
• Keywords: machine learning (ML); artificial intelligence; data-mining; scientific computing; virtual reality; neural networks; Gaussian processes