Antiviral Activity and Increased Host Defense against Influenza Infection Elicited by the Human Cathelicidin LL-37

Barlow, Peter G.; Svoboda, Pavel; Mackellar, Annie; Nash, Anthony A.; York, Ian A.; Pohl, Jan; Davidson, Donald J.; Donis, Ruben O.

Abstract

The extensive world-wide morbidity and mortality caused by influenza A viruses highlights the need for new insights into the host immune response and novel treatment approaches. Cationic Host Defense Peptides (CHDP, also known as antimicrobial peptides), which include cathelicidins and defensins, are key components of the innate immune system that are upregulated during infection and inflammation. Cathelicidins have immunomodulatory and anti-viral effects, but their impact on influenza virus infection has not been previously assessed. We therefore evaluated the effect of cathelicidin peptides on disease caused by influenza A virus in mice. The human cathelicidin, LL-37, and the murine cathelicidin, mCRAMP, demonstrated significant anti-viral activity in vivo, reducing disease severity and viral replication in infected mice to a similar extent as the well-characterized influenza virus-specific antiviral drug zanamivir. In vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that the peptides may act directly on the influenza virion rather than via receptor-based mechanisms. Influenza virus-infected mice treated with LL-37 had lower concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung than did infected animals that had not been treated with cathelicidin peptides. These data suggest that treatment of influenza-infected individuals with cathelicidin-derived therapeutics, or modulation of endogenous cathelicidin production may provide significant protection against disease.

Citation

Barlow, P. G., Svoboda, P., Mackellar, A., Nash, A. A., York, I. A., Pohl, J., Davidson, D. J., & Donis, R. O. (2011). Antiviral Activity and Increased Host Defense against Influenza Infection Elicited by the Human Cathelicidin LL-37. PLOS ONE, 6(10), Article e25333. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025333

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 1, 2011
• Online Publication Date: Oct 21, 2011
• Publication Date: Oct 21, 2011
• Deposit Date: Mar 27, 2012
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 27, 2012
• Journal: PLoS One
• Print ISSN: 1932-6203
• Electronic ISSN: 1932-6203
• Publisher: Public Library of Science
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 10
• Article Number: e25333
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025333
• Keywords: General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; General Agricultural and Biological Sciences; General Medicine
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/id/eprint/5170
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025333
• Contract Date: Mar 27, 2012