Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes

Adl, Sina M.; Bass, David; Lane, Christopher E.; Luke�, Julius; Schoch, Conrad L.; Smirnov, Alexey; Agatha, Sabine; Berney, Cedric; Brown, Matthew W.; Burki, Fabien; C�rdenas, Paco; ?epi?ka, Ivan; Chistyakova, Ludmila; del Campo, Javier; Dunthorn, Micah; Edvardsen, Bente; Eglit, Yana; Guillou, Laure; Hampl, Vladim�r; Heiss, Aaron A.; Hoppenrath, Mona; James, Timothy Y.; Karpov, Sergey; Kim, Eunsoo; Kolisko, Martin; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Lara, Enrique; Le Gall, Line; Lynn, Denis H.; Mann, David G.; Massana i Molera, Ramon; Mitchell, Edward A. D.; Morrow, Christine; Park, Jong Soo; Pawlowski, Jan W.; Powell, Martha J.; Richter, Daniel J.; Rueckert, Sonja; Shadwick, Lora; Shimano, Satoshi; Spiegel, Frederick W.; Torruella i Cortes, Guifr�; Youssef, Noha; Zlatogursky, Vasily; Zhang, Qianqian

Abstract

This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk. Microbiol. 59(5)] and retains an emphasis on protists. Changes since have improved the resolution of many nodes in phylogenetic analyses. For some clades even families are being clearly resolved. As we had predicted, environmental sampling in the intervening years has massively increased the genetic information at hand. Consequently, we have discovered novel clades, exciting new genera, and uncovered a massive species level diversity beyond the morphological species descriptions. Several clades known from environmental samples only have found their home. Sampling soils, deeper marine waters, and the deep sea will continue to fill us with surprises. The main changes in this revision are the confirmation that eukaryotes form at least two domains, the loss of monophyly in the Exavata, robust support for the Haptista and Cryptista. We provide suggested primer sets for DNA sequences from environmental samples that are effective for each clade. We have provided a guide to trophic functional guilds in an appendix, to facilitate the interpretation of environmental samples.
This revision of the classification of eukaryotes updates that of the International Society of Protistologists (Adl et al., 2012). Since then, there has been a massive increase in DNA sequence information of phylogenetic relevance from environmental samples. We now have a much better sense of the undescribed biodiversity in our environment (Pawlowski et al., 2012; de Vargas et al., 2015). While significant, it still remains a partial estimation as several continents and soils in general are poorly sampled, and the deeper ocean is hard to reach. This new data clarified phylogenetic relationships and the new information is incorporated in this revision.

Citation

Adl, S. M., Bass, D., Lane, C. E., Lukeš, J., Schoch, C. L., Smirnov, A., Agatha, S., Berney, C., Brown, M. W., Burki, F., Cárdenas, P., Čepička, I., Chistyakova, L., del Campo, J., Dunthorn, M., Edvardsen, B., Eglit, Y., Guillou, L., Hampl, V., Heiss, A. A., …Zhang, Q. (2019). Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 66(1), 4-119. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 4, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Sep 26, 2018
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Deposit Date: Oct 1, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 2, 2018
• Journal: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
• Print ISSN: 1066-5234
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 66
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 4-119
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691
• Keywords: Eukaryotes, protists, phylogenetic analyses, environmental sampling
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1309025
• Contract Date: Oct 1, 2018