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An accurate method for MPPT to detect the partial shading occurrence in a PV system (2017)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2017). An accurate method for MPPT to detect the partial shading occurrence in a PV system. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 13(5), 2151-2161. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2017.2703079

This paper proposes an accurate detection scheme that effectively differentiates the partial shading from the uniform change of irradiance. By doing so, it avoids the unnecessary global peak search which results in a drop of the maximum power point t... Read More about An accurate method for MPPT to detect the partial shading occurrence in a PV system.

A Modified P&O Maximum Power Point Tracking Method with Reduced Steady State Oscillation and Improved Tracking Efficiency (2016)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2016). A Modified P&O Maximum Power Point Tracking Method with Reduced Steady State Oscillation and Improved Tracking Efficiency. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(4), 1506-1515. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2016.2568043

This paper proposes a method to reduce the steadystate oscillation and to mitigate the probability of losing the tracking direction of the perturb and observed (P&O)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV system. The modified scheme retains... Read More about A Modified P&O Maximum Power Point Tracking Method with Reduced Steady State Oscillation and Improved Tracking Efficiency.

Comparative study of software and hardware solutions for partial shading in PV system (2016)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Salam, Z., Ramli, M., & Ahmed, J. (2016). Comparative study of software and hardware solutions for partial shading in PV system. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON) (480-485). https://doi.org/10.1109/CENCON.2015.7409592

The energy yield of the PV system is reduced significantly due to partial shading. To mitigate this problem, two approaches, namely the software and hardware solutions are introduced by many researchers. However, no effort thus far has been made to c... Read More about Comparative study of software and hardware solutions for partial shading in PV system.

An improved method to predict the position of maximum power point during partial shading for PV arrays (2015)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2015). An improved method to predict the position of maximum power point during partial shading for PV arrays. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 11(6), 1378-1387. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2015.2489579

For a photovoltaic (PV) system, it is widely assumed that the peaks of a partially shaded P-V curve are located at the multiples of 0.8V oc , where V oc is the open-circuit voltage of the PV module. However, this assumption - known as the of 0.8V oc... Read More about An improved method to predict the position of maximum power point during partial shading for PV arrays.

Partial shading in building integrated PV system: Causes, effects and mitigating techniques (2015)
Journal Article
Salam, Z., Ramli, Z., Ahmed, J., & Amjad, M. (2015). Partial shading in building integrated PV system: Causes, effects and mitigating techniques. International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 6(4), 712-722. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.

This paper is aimed to provide a holistic understanding on the issues related to partial shading: its causes, the theoretical and physical reasons behind it, its implications on the BIPV system. Furthermore the possible mitigation techniques using t... Read More about Partial shading in building integrated PV system: Causes, effects and mitigating techniques.

An improved perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for higher efficiency (2015)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2015). An improved perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for higher efficiency. Applied Energy, 150, 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.006

This paper proposes a method to improve the efficiency of the P&O maximum power point tracker (MPPT) by reducing the steady state oscillation and eliminating the possibility of the algorithm to lose its tracking direction. A dynamic perturbation step... Read More about An improved perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for higher efficiency.

A critical evaluation on maximum power point tracking methods for partial shading in PV systems (2015)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2015). A critical evaluation on maximum power point tracking methods for partial shading in PV systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 47, 933-953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.080

As photovoltaic (PV) system suffers considerable energy loss due to partial shading (PS), various approaches have been proposed to mitigate this problem. Among these, improving the maximum power point tracker (MPPT) algorithm seems to be the most fea... Read More about A critical evaluation on maximum power point tracking methods for partial shading in PV systems.

The application of soft computing techniques to improve the performance of maximum power point tracker for PV system during partial shading (2014)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Salam, Z., & Ahmed, J. (2014). The application of soft computing techniques to improve the performance of maximum power point tracker for PV system during partial shading. In 2014 IEEE 8th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOC

Partial shading is a phenomenon, whereby, certain spots of the photovoltaic (PV) array are shaded, while other parts are left uniformly irradiated. It is caused by the shadow that originates from the obstruction of tall building, chimney, tree, telec... Read More about The application of soft computing techniques to improve the performance of maximum power point tracker for PV system during partial shading.

A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search with partial shading capability (2014)
Journal Article
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2014). A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search with partial shading capability. Applied Energy, 119, 118-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.062

Objectives This work proposes a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search (CS) method. Methods It is acknowledged that CS exhibits several advantages which include fast convergence, higher efficiency using fewer tunin... Read More about A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search with partial shading capability.

A soft computing MPPT for PV system based on Cuckoo Search algorithm (2013)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Ahmed, J., & Salam, Z. (2013). A soft computing MPPT for PV system based on Cuckoo Search algorithm. In 4th International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (558-562). https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerEng.2013.6635669

This paper presents a novel approach to determine the maximum power point (MPP) in Photovoltaic (PV) System using the Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm. In CS, three samples of voltage are generated randomly over the span of the PV voltage. Based on the L... Read More about A soft computing MPPT for PV system based on Cuckoo Search algorithm.