All Outputs (41)

Influence of appendicular skeletal muscle mass on resting metabolic equivalents in patients with cardiovascular disease: Implications for exercise training and prescription (2020)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., O'Doherty, A., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2020). Influence of appendicular skeletal muscle mass on resting metabolic equivalents in patients with cardiovascular disease: Implications for exercise training and prescription. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 27(9), 1001–1003. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319856432

The metabolic equivalent (MET) is a widely used physiological concept for quantifying levels of habitual physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by conveying oxygen consumption requirements of physical activities as multiples of resting... Read More about Influence of appendicular skeletal muscle mass on resting metabolic equivalents in patients with cardiovascular disease: Implications for exercise training and prescription.

Characterising the application of the “progressive overload” principle of exercise training within cardiac rehabilitation: A United Kingdom-based community programme (2020)
Journal Article
Khushhal, A., Nichols, S., Carroll, S., Abt, G., & Lee, I. (2020). Characterising the application of the “progressive overload” principle of exercise training within cardiac rehabilitation: A United Kingdom-based community programme. PLOS ONE, 15(8), Article e0237197. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237197

Background

Recent concerns have cast doubt over the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation [CR] programmes for improving cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF] in patients with a history of cardiac disease in the United Kingdom [UK]. We aimed to charact... Read More about Characterising the application of the “progressive overload” principle of exercise training within cardiac rehabilitation: A United Kingdom-based community programme.

COVID-19 and cardiac rehabilitation (2020)
Journal Article
Dawkes, S., Hughes, S., Ray, S., Nichols, S., Hinton, S., Roberts, C., Butler, T., Hayes Dalal, D., & Docherty, P. (2020). COVID-19 and cardiac rehabilitation. British Journal of Cardiology, 27(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.5837/bjc.2020.019

The British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR), the British Cardiovascular Society (BCS) and the British Heart Foundation (BHF) have issued a joint position statement ‘Retention of cardiac rehabilitation services dur... Read More about COVID-19 and cardiac rehabilitation.

Current Insights into Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Heart Failure (2020)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., McGregor, G., Breckon, J., & Ingle, L. (2021). Current Insights into Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Heart Failure. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(01), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1198-5573

Cardiac rehabilitation is a package of lifestyle secondary prevention strategies designed for patients with coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure. A community-based cardiac rehabilitation programme provides patients with a structured exerc... Read More about Current Insights into Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Heart Failure.

Does exercise prescription based on estimated heart rate training zones exceed the ventilatory anaerobic threshold in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing usual-care cardiovascular rehabilitation? A United Kingdom perspective (2020)
Journal Article
Pymer, S., Nichols, S., Prosser, J., Birkett, S., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2020). Does exercise prescription based on estimated heart rate training zones exceed the ventilatory anaerobic threshold in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing usual-care cardiovascular rehabilitation? A United Kingdom perspective. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 27(6), 579-589. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319852711

Background: In the United Kingdom (UK), exercise intensity is prescribed from a fixed percentage range (% heart rate reserve (%HRR)) in cardiac rehabilitation programmes. We aimed to determine the accuracy of this approach by comparing it with an obj... Read More about Does exercise prescription based on estimated heart rate training zones exceed the ventilatory anaerobic threshold in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing usual-care cardiovascular rehabilitation? A United Kingdom perspective.

Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study (2020)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Taylor, C., Goodman, T., Page, R., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Nation, F., Clark, A., Birkett, S., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2020). Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study. International Journal of Cardiology, 305, 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.01.044

Background
Recent evidence suggests that routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) may not lead to a substantial increase in estimated peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak). This could reduce the potential benefits of CR and explain why CR no longe... Read More about Routine exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation does not increase aerobic fitness: A CARE CR study.

Feasibility study of early outpatient review and early cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery: mixed-methods research design—a study protocol (2019)
Journal Article
Ngaage, D., Mitchell, N., Dean, A., Hirst, C., Akowuah, E., Doherty, P. J., Fairhurst, C., Flemming, K., Hewitt, C., Hinde, S., Mitchell, A., Nichols, S., & Watson, J. (2019). Feasibility study of early outpatient review and early cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery: mixed-methods research design—a study protocol. BMJ Open, 9(12), Article e035787. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035787

Introduction Following cardiac surgery, patients currently attend an outpatient review 6 weeks after hospital discharge, where recovery is assessed and suitability to commence cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is determined. CR is then started from 8 weeks... Read More about Feasibility study of early outpatient review and early cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac surgery: mixed-methods research design—a study protocol.

The effect of protein and essential amino acid supplementation on muscle strength and performance in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review (2019)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., McGregor, G., Al-Mohammad, A., Ali, A. N., Tew, G., & O’Doherty, A. F. (2020). The effect of protein and essential amino acid supplementation on muscle strength and performance in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review. European Journal of Nutrition, 59(5), 1785-1801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-02108-z

Purpose
Critically low skeletal muscle mass and strength, observed in 20% of people with chronic heart failure (CHF), reduces functional capacity, quality of life (QoL) and survival. Protein and essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation could be a... Read More about The effect of protein and essential amino acid supplementation on muscle strength and performance in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review.

Insufficient exercise intensity for clinical benefit? Monitoring and quantification of a community-based Phase III cardiac rehabilitation programme: A United Kingdom perspective (2019)
Journal Article
Khushhal, A., Nichols, S., Carroll, S., Abt, G., & Ingle, L. (2019). Insufficient exercise intensity for clinical benefit? Monitoring and quantification of a community-based Phase III cardiac rehabilitation programme: A United Kingdom perspective. PLOS ONE, 14(6), Article e0217654. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217654

Background
In recent years, criticism of the percentage range approach for individualised exercise prescription has intensified and we were concerned that sub-optimal exercise dose (especially intensity) may be in part responsible for the variabilit... Read More about Insufficient exercise intensity for clinical benefit? Monitoring and quantification of a community-based Phase III cardiac rehabilitation programme: A United Kingdom perspective.

The effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training and circuit training on maximal oxygen uptake (2019)
Journal Article
Birkett, S. T., Nichols, S., Sawrey, R., Gleadall-Siddall, D., Gordon Mcgregor, G., & Lee Ingle, L. (2019). The effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training and circuit training on maximal oxygen uptake. Sport Sciences for Health, 15(2), 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-019-00552-2

Purpose High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and circuit training (CT) are popular methods of exercise, eliciting improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). However, direct comparisons of these two training methods are limited. We investigat... Read More about The effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training and circuit training on maximal oxygen uptake.

Exercise rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review of intervention components and reporting quality (2018)
Journal Article
McGregor, G., Powell, R., Finnegan, S., Nichols, S., & Underwood, M. (2018). Exercise rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review of intervention components and reporting quality. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 4(1), Article e000400. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000400

Objectives: To identify the components, and assess the reporting quality, of exercise training interventions for people living with pulmonary hypertension.

Design: Systematic review with analysis of intervention reporting quality using the Consens... Read More about Exercise rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review of intervention components and reporting quality.

Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with low aerobic capacity and increased mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease – a CARE CR study (2018)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., O'Doherty, A. F., Taylor, C., Clark, A. L., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2019). Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with low aerobic capacity and increased mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease – a CARE CR study. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 39(1), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12539

Background
In patients with chronic heart failure, there is a positive linear relationship between skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and peak oxygen consumption (urn:x-wiley:14750961:media:cpf12539:cpf12539-math-0001O2peak); an independent predictor of all... Read More about Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with low aerobic capacity and increased mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease – a CARE CR study.

Is Cardiorespiratory Fitness Related to Cardiometabolic Health and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease? A CARE CR Study (2018)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Taylor, C., Page, R., Kallvikbacka-Bennett, A., Nation, F., Goodman, T., Clark, A. L., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). Is Cardiorespiratory Fitness Related to Cardiometabolic Health and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease? A CARE CR Study. Sports Medicine - Open, 4(1), Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0138-z

Background
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with lower morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The mechanisms for this are not fully understood. A more favourable cardiometabolic risk factor profile... Read More about Is Cardiorespiratory Fitness Related to Cardiometabolic Health and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease? A CARE CR Study.

CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods (2018)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Nation, F., Goodman, T., Clark, A. L., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods. BMJ Open, 8(1), Article e019216. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019216

Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Much of this improvement has been attributed to the beneficial effects of structured exercise training. However, U... Read More about CARE CR-Cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory Adaptations to Routine Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: a study protocol for a community-based controlled study with criterion methods.

Validity and Reliability of the Apple Watch for Measuring Heart Rate During Exercise (2017)
Journal Article
Khushhal, A., Nichols, S., Evans, W., Gleadall-Siddall, D., Page, R., O'Doherty, A., Carroll, S., Ingle, L., & Abt, G. (2017). Validity and Reliability of the Apple Watch for Measuring Heart Rate During Exercise. Sports Medicine International Open, 1(06), E206-E211. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-120195

We examined the validity and reliability of the Apple Watch heart rate sensor during and in recovery from exercise. Twenty-one males completed treadmill exercise while wearing two Apple Watches (left and right wrists) and a Polar S810i monitor (crite... Read More about Validity and Reliability of the Apple Watch for Measuring Heart Rate During Exercise.

Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation? (2017)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Gleadall‐Siddall, D. O., Antony, R., Clark, A. L., Cleland, J. G. F., Carroll, S., & Ingle, L. (2018). Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 38(4), 681-688. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12468

Objective
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the ‘gold standard’ method of determining VO2peak. When CPET is unavailable, VO2peak may be estimated from treadmill or cycle ergometer workloads and expressed as estimated metabolic equivalents (... Read More about Estimated peak functional capacity: an accurate method for assessing change in peak oxygen consumption after cardiac rehabilitation?.

High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity steady-state training in UK cardiac rehabilitation programmes (HIIT or MISS UK): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation (2016)
Journal Article
McGregor, G., Nichols, S., Hamborg, T., Bryning, L., Tudor-Edwards, R., Markland, D., Mercer, J., Birkett, S., Ennis, S., Powell, R., Begg, B., Haykowsky, M. J., Banerjee, P., Ingle, L., Shave, R., & Backx, K. (2016). High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity steady-state training in UK cardiac rehabilitation programmes (HIIT or MISS UK): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. BMJ Open, 6(11), e012843. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012843

Introduction Current international guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) advocate moderate-intensity exercise training (MISS, moderate-intensity steady state). This recommendation predates significant advances in medical therapy for coronary hea... Read More about High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity steady-state training in UK cardiac rehabilitation programmes (HIIT or MISS UK): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation.

National Certification Programme for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation -aiming to improve practice (2016)
Journal Article
Furze, G., Nichols, S., Doherty, P., Hinton, S., Iliff, A., & Mills, J. (2016). National Certification Programme for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation -aiming to improve practice. Perspectives in Public Health, 136(6), 318-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913916668291

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the UK. It is also a leading contributor to health inequalities; reducing excess deaths from coronary heart disease in the most deprived fifth of areas would... Read More about National Certification Programme for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation -aiming to improve practice.

A clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2: test interpretation (2015)
Journal Article
Nichols, S., Taylor, C., & Ingle, L. (2015). A clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2: test interpretation. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 76(5), 281-289. https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2015.76.5.281

Data obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing offer additional interpretive power over conventional exercise tolerance testing. When used correctly, these data allow improved clinical decision making in patients with cardiometabolic and respira... Read More about A clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2: test interpretation.

A clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing 1: an introduction (2015)
Journal Article
Taylor, C., Nichols, S., & Ingle, L. (2015). A clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing 1: an introduction. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 76(4), 192-195. https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2015.76.4.192

Compared to standard exercise tolerance testing, cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a reliable and powerful tool that can be used for risk stratification, exercise prescription and clinical diagnosis.