All Outputs (115)

Ransomware: Analysing the Impact on Windows Active Directory Domain Services (2022)
Journal Article
McDonald, G., Papadopoulos, P., Pitropakis, N., Ahmad, J., & Buchanan, W. J. (2022). Ransomware: Analysing the Impact on Windows Active Directory Domain Services. Sensors, 22(3), Article 953. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030953

Ransomware has become an increasingly popular type of malware across the past decade and continues to rise in popularity due to its high profitability. Organisations and enterprises have become prime targets for ransomware as they are more likely to... Read More about Ransomware: Analysing the Impact on Windows Active Directory Domain Services.

NapierOne: A modern mixed file data set alternative to Govdocs1 (2022)
Journal Article
Davies, S. R., Macfarlane, R., & Buchanan, W. J. (2022). NapierOne: A modern mixed file data set alternative to Govdocs1. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 40, Article 301330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2021.301330

It was found when reviewing the ransomware detection research literature that almost no proposal provided enough detail on how the test data set was created, or sufficient description of its actual content, to allow it to be recreated by other resear... Read More about NapierOne: A modern mixed file data set alternative to Govdocs1.

Browsers’ Private Mode: Is It What We Were Promised? (2021)
Journal Article
Hughes, K., Papadopoulos, P., Pitropakis, N., Smales, A., Ahmad, J., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). Browsers’ Private Mode: Is It What We Were Promised?. Computers, 10(12), Article 165. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10120165

Web browsers are one of the most used applications on every computational device in our days. Hence, they play a pivotal role in any forensic investigation and help determine if nefarious or suspicious activity has occurred on that device. Our study... Read More about Browsers’ Private Mode: Is It What We Were Promised?.

A Deep Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System for MQTT Enabled IoT (2021)
Journal Article
Almas Khan, M., Khan, M. A., Ullah Jan, S., Ahmad, J., Jamal, S. S., Shah, A. A., Pitropakis, N., Buchanan, W. J., Alonistioti, N., Panagiotakis, S., & Markakis, E. K. (2021). A Deep Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System for MQTT Enabled IoT. Sensors, 21(21), Article 7016. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21217016

A large number of smart devices in Internet of Things (IoT) environments communicate via different messaging protocols. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is a widely used publish–subscribe-based protocol for the communication of sensor or ev... Read More about A Deep Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System for MQTT Enabled IoT.

A Blockchain Framework in Post-Quantum Decentralization (2021)
Journal Article
Saha, R., Kumar, G., Devgun, T., Buchanan, W., Thomas, R., Alazab, M., Kim, T., & Rodrigues, J. (2023). A Blockchain Framework in Post-Quantum Decentralization. IEEE Transactions on Services Computing, 16(1), https://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2021.3116896

The decentralization and transparency have provided wide acceptance of blockchain technology in various sectors through numerous applications. The claimed security services by blockchain have been proved using various cryptographic techniques, mainly... Read More about A Blockchain Framework in Post-Quantum Decentralization.

A Secure Random Number Generator with Immunity and Propagation Characteristics for Cryptography Functions (2021)
Journal Article
Saha, R., Geetha, G., Kumar, G., Buchanan, W. J., & Kim, T. (2021). A Secure Random Number Generator with Immunity and Propagation Characteristics for Cryptography Functions. Applied Sciences, 11(17), Article 8073. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178073

Cryptographic algorithms and functions should possess some of the important functional requirements such as: non-linearity, resiliency, propagation and immunity. Several previous studies were executed to analyze these characteristics of the cryptogra... Read More about A Secure Random Number Generator with Immunity and Propagation Characteristics for Cryptography Functions.

LiSP-XK: Extended Light-Weight Signcryption for IoT in Resource-Constrained Environments (2021)
Journal Article
Kim, T., Kumar, G., Saha, R., Buchanan, W. J., Devgun, T., & Thomas, R. (2021). LiSP-XK: Extended Light-Weight Signcryption for IoT in Resource-Constrained Environments. IEEE Access, 9, 100972-100980. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3097267

There is an increasing drive to provide improved levels of trust within an Internet-of-Things (IoTs) environments, but the devices and sensors used tend to be limited in their capabilities for dealing with traditional cryptography methods. Resource c... Read More about LiSP-XK: Extended Light-Weight Signcryption for IoT in Resource-Constrained Environments.

PyDentity: A playground for education and experimentation with the hyperledger verifiable information exchange platform (2021)
Journal Article
Abramson, W., Papadopoulos, P., Pitropakis, N., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). PyDentity: A playground for education and experimentation with the hyperledger verifiable information exchange platform. Software Impacts, 9, Article 100101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpa.2021.100101

PyDentity lowers the entry barrier for parties interested in experimenting with the Hyperledger’s verifiable information exchange platform. It enables educators, developers and researchers to configure and initialise a set of actors easily as associa... Read More about PyDentity: A playground for education and experimentation with the hyperledger verifiable information exchange platform.

Differential Area Analysis for Ransomware Attack Detection within Mixed File Datasets (2021)
Journal Article
Davies, S. R., Macfarlane, R., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). Differential Area Analysis for Ransomware Attack Detection within Mixed File Datasets. Computers and Security, 108, Article 102377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2021.102377

The threat from ransomware continues to grow both in the number of affected victims as well as the cost incurred by the people and organisations impacted in a successful attack. In the majority of cases, once a victim has been attacked there remain o... Read More about Differential Area Analysis for Ransomware Attack Detection within Mixed File Datasets.

A Lightweight Chaos-Based Medical Image Encryption Scheme Using Random Shuffling and XOR Operations (2021)
Journal Article
Masood, F., Driss, M., Boulila, W., Ahmad, J., ur Rehman, S., Jan, S. U., Qayyum, A., & Buchanan, W. J. (2022). A Lightweight Chaos-Based Medical Image Encryption Scheme Using Random Shuffling and XOR Operations. Wireless Personal Communications, 127, 1405-1432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08584-z

Medical images possess significant importance in diagnostics when it comes to healthcare systems. These images contain confidential and sensitive information such as patients’ X-rays, ultrasounds, computed tomography scans, brain images, and magnetic... Read More about A Lightweight Chaos-Based Medical Image Encryption Scheme Using Random Shuffling and XOR Operations.

Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT (2021)
Journal Article
Papadopoulos, P., Thornewill Von Essen, O., Pitropakis, N., Chrysoulas, C., Mylonas, A., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT. Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy, 1(2), 252-273. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp1020014

As the internet continues to be populated with new devices and emerging technologies, the attack surface grows exponentially. Technology is shifting towards a profit-driven Internet of Things market where security is an afterthought. Traditional defe... Read More about Launching Adversarial Attacks against Network Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT.

A Comparative Analysis of Honeypots on Different Cloud Platforms (2021)
Journal Article
Kelly, C., Pitropakis, N., Mylonas, A., McKeown, S., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). A Comparative Analysis of Honeypots on Different Cloud Platforms. Sensors, 21(7), Article 2433. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21072433

In 2019, the majority of companies used at least one cloud computing service and it is expected that by the end of 2021, cloud data centres will process 94% of workloads. The financial and operational advantages of moving IT infrastructure to special... Read More about A Comparative Analysis of Honeypots on Different Cloud Platforms.

Privacy and Trust Redefined in Federated Machine Learning (2021)
Journal Article
Papadopoulos, P., Abramson, W., Hall, A. J., Pitropakis, N., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). Privacy and Trust Redefined in Federated Machine Learning. Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, 3(2), 333-356. https://doi.org/10.3390/make3020017

A common privacy issue in traditional machine learning is that data needs to be disclosed for the training procedures. In situations with highly sensitive data such as healthcare records, accessing this information is challenging and often prohibited... Read More about Privacy and Trust Redefined in Federated Machine Learning.

An experimental analysis of attack classification using machine learning in IoT networks (2021)
Journal Article
Churcher, A., Ullah, R., Ahmad, J., Ur Rehman, S., Masood, F., Gogate, M., Alqahtani, F., Nour, B., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). An experimental analysis of attack classification using machine learning in IoT networks. Sensors, 21(2), Article 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21020446

In recent years, there has been a massive increase in the amount of Internet of Things (IoT) devices as well as the data generated by such devices. The participating devices in IoT networks can be problematic due to their resource-constrained nature,... Read More about An experimental analysis of attack classification using machine learning in IoT networks.

Review and Critical Analysis of Privacy-preserving Infection Tracking and Contact Tracing (2020)
Journal Article
Buchanan, W. J., Imran, M. A., Ur-Rehman, M., Zhang, L., Abbasi, Q. H., Chrysoulas, C., Haynes, D., Pitropakis, N., & Papadopoulos, P. (2020). Review and Critical Analysis of Privacy-preserving Infection Tracking and Contact Tracing. Frontiers in Communications and Networks, https://doi.org/10.3389/frcmn.2020.583376

The outbreak of viruses have necessitated contact tracing and infection tracking methods. Despite various efforts, there is currently no standard scheme for the tracing and tracking. Many nations of the world have therefore, developed their own ways... Read More about Review and Critical Analysis of Privacy-preserving Infection Tracking and Contact Tracing.

A Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Framework Using Hyperledger Fabric (2020)
Journal Article
Stamatellis, C., Papadopoulos, P., Pitropakis, N., Katsikas, S., & Buchanan, W. J. (2020). A Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Framework Using Hyperledger Fabric. Sensors, 20(22), Article 6587. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226587

Electronic health record (EHR) management systems require the adoption of effective technologies when health information is being exchanged. Current management approaches often face risks that may expose medical record storage solutions to common sec... Read More about A Privacy-Preserving Healthcare Framework Using Hyperledger Fabric.

BeepTrace: Blockchain-enabled Privacy-preserving Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond (2020)
Journal Article
Xu, H., Zhang, L., Onireti, O., Fang, Y., Buchanan, W. J., & Imran, M. A. (2021). BeepTrace: Blockchain-enabled Privacy-preserving Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond. IEEE Internet of Things, 8(5), 3915-3929. https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2020.3025953

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has exposed an urgent need for effective contact tracing solutions through mobile phone applications to prevent the infection from spreading further. However, due to the nature of contact tracing, public concern on p... Read More about BeepTrace: Blockchain-enabled Privacy-preserving Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

FPC-BI: Fast Probabilistic Consensus within Byzantine Infrastructures (2020)
Journal Article
Popov, S., & Buchanan, W. J. (2021). FPC-BI: Fast Probabilistic Consensus within Byzantine Infrastructures. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 147, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2020.09.002

This paper presents a novel leaderless protocol (FPC-BI: Fast Probabilistic Consensus within Byzantine Infrastructures) with a low communicational complexity and which allows a set of nodes to come to a consensus on a value of a single bit. The paper... Read More about FPC-BI: Fast Probabilistic Consensus within Byzantine Infrastructures.

DNA and Plaintext Dependent Chaotic Visual Selective Image Encryption (2020)
Journal Article
Khan, J. S., Boulila, W., Ahmad, J., Rubaiee, S., Rehman, A. U., Alroobaea, R., & Buchanan, W. J. (2020). DNA and Plaintext Dependent Chaotic Visual Selective Image Encryption. IEEE Access, 8, 159732-159744. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020917

Visual selective image encryption can both improve the efficiency of the image encryption algorithm and reduce the frequency and severity of attacks against data. In this article, a new form of encryption is proposed based on keys derived from Deoxyri... Read More about DNA and Plaintext Dependent Chaotic Visual Selective Image Encryption.

Privacy-Preserving Passive DNS (2020)
Journal Article
Papadopoulos, P., Pitropakis, N., Buchanan, W. J., Lo, O., & Katsikas, S. (2020). Privacy-Preserving Passive DNS. Computers, 9(3), Article 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers9030064

The Domain Name System (DNS) was created to resolve the IP addresses of web servers to easily remembered names. When it was initially created, security was not a major concern; nowadays, this lack of inherent security and trust has exposed the global... Read More about Privacy-Preserving Passive DNS.