Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

All Outputs (47)

A Comparative Performance Evaluation of A load-balancing Algorithm using Contiki: “RPL vs QU-RPL” (2020)
Journal Article
Stoyanov, S., Ghaleb, B., & Ghaleb, S. (2020). A Comparative Performance Evaluation of A load-balancing Algorithm using Contiki: “RPL vs QU-RPL”. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 9(4), 6834-6839. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/384942020

The RPL (Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) has emerged within constrained networks as the de-facto IPv6 routing standard, which entangles many concepts that make it a complex, albeit a rather flexible protocol. However, load balancin... Read More about A Comparative Performance Evaluation of A load-balancing Algorithm using Contiki: “RPL vs QU-RPL”.

SklCoin: Toward a Scalable Proof-of-Stake and Collective Signature Based Consensus Protocol for Strong Consistency in Blockchain (2020)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Jaroucheh, Z., Ghaleb, B., & Buchanan, W. J. (2020). SklCoin: Toward a Scalable Proof-of-Stake and Collective Signature Based Consensus Protocol for Strong Consistency in Blockchain. . https://doi.org/10.1109/icsa-c50368.2020.00034

The proof-of-work consensus protocol suffers from two main limitations: waste of energy and offering only probabilistic guarantees about the status of the blockchain. This paper introduces SklCoin, a new Byzantine consensus protocol and its correspon... Read More about SklCoin: Toward a Scalable Proof-of-Stake and Collective Signature Based Consensus Protocol for Strong Consistency in Blockchain.

Mitigation Mechanisms Against the DAO Attack on the Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) (2020)
Journal Article
Wadhaj, I., Ghaleb, B., Thomson, C., Al-Dubai, A., & Buchanen, B. (2020). Mitigation Mechanisms Against the DAO Attack on the Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). IEEE Access, 8, 43665-43675. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2977476

Destination Advertisement Objects (DAOs) are sent upward by RPL nodes toward the DODAG root, to build the downward routing paths carrying traffic from the root to its associated nodes. This routing mechanism can be exploited by a malicious node perio... Read More about Mitigation Mechanisms Against the DAO Attack on the Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL).

Efficient Routing Primitives for Low-power and Lossy Networks in Internet of Things (2019)
Thesis
Ghaleb, B. Efficient Routing Primitives for Low-power and Lossy Networks in Internet of Things. (Thesis). Edinburgh Napier University. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2070542

At the heart of the Internet of Things (IoTs) are the Low-power and Lossy networks (LLNs), a collection of interconnected battery-operated and resource-constrained tiny devices that enable the realization of a wide range of applications in multiple d... Read More about Efficient Routing Primitives for Low-power and Lossy Networks in Internet of Things.

The RPL Load Balancing in IoT Network with Burst Traffic Scenarios (2019)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Altwassi, H. S., Pervez, Z., Dahal, K., & Ghaleb, B. (2018, December). The RPL Load Balancing in IoT Network with Burst Traffic Scenarios. Presented at 2018 12th International Conference on Software, Knowledge, Information Management & Applications (SKIMA), Phnom Penh, Cambodia

The RPL (Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) has emerged within constrained networks as the de-facto IPv6 routing standard, which entangles many concepts that make it a complex, albeit a rather flexible protocol. However, load balancin... Read More about The RPL Load Balancing in IoT Network with Burst Traffic Scenarios.

A New Load-Balancing Aware Objective Function for RPL's IoT Networks (2019)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Ekonomou, E., Gharib, W., Mackenzi, L., & Bani Khala, M. (2018, June). A New Load-Balancing Aware Objective Function for RPL's IoT Networks. Presented at 2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 4th International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS), Exeter

The IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) has been recently standardized as the de facto solution for routing in the context of the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. RPL, along with other standards, has provided a bas... Read More about A New Load-Balancing Aware Objective Function for RPL's IoT Networks.

An adaptive warning message scheme for emergency vehicles using vehicular ad hoc communication (2018)
Journal Article
Banikhalaf, M., Hammad, R., Al-Dubai, A. Y., & Ghaleb, B. (2018). An adaptive warning message scheme for emergency vehicles using vehicular ad hoc communication. International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), 7(4), 3182-3189. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19+416

Nowadays, traffic management has been a challenging task due to the growing number of vehicles. More specifically, operation management of Emergency Vehicles (EVs) such as ambulances, police force and fire fighting vehicles require extensive industri... Read More about An adaptive warning message scheme for emergency vehicles using vehicular ad hoc communication.

Addressing the DAO Insider Attack in RPL’s Internet of Things Networks (2018)
Journal Article
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Ekonomou, E., Qasem, M., Romdhani, I., & Mackenzie, L. (2019). Addressing the DAO Insider Attack in RPL’s Internet of Things Networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 23(1), 68-71. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2878151

In RPL routing protocol, the DAO (Destination Advertisement Object) control messages are announced by the child nodes to their parents to build downward routes. A malicious insider node can exploit this feature to send fake DAOs to its parents period... Read More about Addressing the DAO Insider Attack in RPL’s Internet of Things Networks.

A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations (2018)
Journal Article
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A. Y., Ekonomou, E., Alsarhan, A., Nasser, Y., Mackenzie, L. M., & Boukerche, A. (2019). A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations. Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IEEE Communications Society, 21(2), 1607-1635. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2018.2874356

Driven by the special requirements of the Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs), the IPv6 Routing Protocol for LLNs (RPL) was standardized by the IETF some six years ago to tackle the routing issue in such networks. Since its introduction, however, num... Read More about A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations.

A Novel Adaptive and Efficient Routing Update Scheme for Low-Power Lossy Networks in IoT (2018)
Journal Article
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Ekonomou, E., Romdhani, I., Nasser, Y., & Boukerche, A. (2018). A Novel Adaptive and Efficient Routing Update Scheme for Low-Power Lossy Networks in IoT. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(6), 12. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2018.2862364

In this paper, we introduce Drizzle, a new algorithm for maintaining routing information in the Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). The aim is to address the limitations of the currently standardized routing maintenance (i.e. Trickle algorithm) in s... Read More about A Novel Adaptive and Efficient Routing Update Scheme for Low-Power Lossy Networks in IoT.

Drizzle Algorithm (2018)
Report
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Romdhani, I., & Qasem, M. (2018). Drizzle Algorithm. USA: IETF

Trickle algorithm used in RPL routing protocol suffers from some issues related to power, network convergence time and overhead and load-distribution. To optimize this algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs), a new algorithm called Dr... Read More about Drizzle Algorithm.

Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL draft-qasem-roll-rpl-load-balancing-01 (2018)
Report
Qasem, M., Al-Dubai, A., Romdhani, I., & Ghaleb, B. (2018). Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL draft-qasem-roll-rpl-load-balancing-01. USA: IETF

This document proposes an extended Objective Function(OF) that balances the number of children nodes of the parent nodes to avoid the overloading problem and ensure node lifetime maximization in the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Net... Read More about Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL draft-qasem-roll-rpl-load-balancing-01.

Leaf-based Routing Mechanism for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (2018)
Patent
Ghaleb, B., & Al-Dubai, A. (2018). Leaf-based Routing Mechanism for Low-Power and Lossy Networks. 1800668.4. Intellectual Property Office, UK

Unlike existing solutions, our invention provides a “Leaf-Based” mechanism for establishing the Downward routes in Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) that seeks to provide a novel, scalable and efficient routing solution for LLNs, which are the back... Read More about Leaf-based Routing Mechanism for Low-Power and Lossy Networks.

Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL (Draft 2) (2017)
Report
Qasem, M., Al-Dubai, A., Romdhani, I., Ghaleb, B., Hou, J., & Jadhav, R. A. (2017). Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL (Draft 2). USA: IETF

This document proposes an extended Objective Function(OF) that balances the number of child nodes of the parent nodes to avoid the overloading problem and ensure node lifetime maximization in the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Ne... Read More about Load Balancing Objective Function in RPL (Draft 2).

Drizzle: Adaptive and fair route maintenance algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks in IoT (2017)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Romdhani, I., Nasser, Y., & Boukerche, A. (2017, May). Drizzle: Adaptive and fair route maintenance algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks in IoT. Presented at 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) have been a key component in the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. Recently, a standardized algorithm, namely Trickle algorithm, is adopted for routing information maintenance in such networks. This algorithm is o... Read More about Drizzle: Adaptive and fair route maintenance algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks in IoT.

A new enhanced RPL based routing for Internet of Things (2017)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Ghaleb, B., Al-Dubai, A., Ekonomou, E., & Wadhaj, I. (2017, June). A new enhanced RPL based routing for Internet of Things. Presented at 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)

The IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) has been recently standardized for routing in the constrained Internet of Things networks. Unfortunately, the RPL storing mode has been found restricted by storage limitations in the ro... Read More about A new enhanced RPL based routing for Internet of Things.

STF-RNN: Space Time Features-based Recurrent Neural Network for predicting people next location (2017)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Al-Molegi, A., Jabreel, M., & Ghaleb, B. (2016, December). STF-RNN: Space Time Features-based Recurrent Neural Network for predicting people next location. Presented at 2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), Athens, Greece

This paper proposes a novel model called Space Time Features-based Recurrent Neural Network (STF-RNN) for predicting people next movement based on mobility patterns obtained from GPS devices logs. Two main features are involved in model operations, n... Read More about STF-RNN: Space Time Features-based Recurrent Neural Network for predicting people next location.

A new efficient objective function for routing in Internet of Things paradigm (2016)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Qasem, M., Al-Dubai, A., Romdhani, I., Ghaleb, B., & Gharibi, W. (2016, October). A new efficient objective function for routing in Internet of Things paradigm. Presented at 2016 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)

Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) have a crucial role in the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. For the IPv6 Routing Protocol for LLNs (RPL), two objective functions (OF) have been standardized so far, namely (Objective Function zero (OF0), and the... Read More about A new efficient objective function for routing in Internet of Things paradigm.

A new dynamic trickle algorithm for low power and lossy networks (2016)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Yassein, M. B., Aljawarneh, S., Masa'deh, E., Ghaleb, B., & Masa'deh, R. (2016, September). A new dynamic trickle algorithm for low power and lossy networks. Presented at 2016 International Conference on Engineering & MIS (ICEMIS), Agadir, Morocco

The main component of Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is the trickle timer algorithm. Such algorithm is used to control the flow of messages through the Internet of Things (IoT) network. However, the trickle algorithm is suffe... Read More about A new dynamic trickle algorithm for low power and lossy networks.