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Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks: Energy Provisioning Technologies, Charging Scheduling Schemes, and Challenges

Abdel Aziz, Samah; Wang, Xingfu; Hawbani, Ammar; Qureshi, Bushra; Alsamhi, Saeed H.; Alabsi, Aisha; Zhao, Liang; Al-Dubai, Ahmed; Ismail, A.S.

Authors

Samah Abdel Aziz

Xingfu Wang

Ammar Hawbani

Bushra Qureshi

Saeed H. Alsamhi

Aisha Alabsi

Liang Zhao

A.S. Ismail



Abstract

Recently, a plethora of promising green energy provisioning technologies has been discussed in the orientation of prolonging the lifetime of energy-limited devices (e.g., sensor nodes). Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) have emerged among other fields that could greatly benefit from such technologies. Such an ad-hoc network comprises a base station(s) and multiple sensor nodes, which are primarily deployed in harsh environments, meeting the requirements of transmitting, receiving, collecting, and processing data. Unlike existing works, this survey paper focuses on energy provisioning technologies within the context of WRSNs by reviewing two interrelated domains. First, we introduce various energy provisioning techniques and their associated challenges, including conventional energy harvesting methods (e.g., solar, thermal, and mechanical). We highlight wireless power transfer (WPT) as one of the most applicable technologies for WRSNs, covering both radiative and non-radiative WPT. Additionally, we present radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting, including simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs), as well as backscatter communications. Furthermore, we compare hybrid energy harvesting techniques (e.g., solar-RF, vibro-acoustic, solar-thermal, etc.). Second, we introduce the fundamentals of wireless charging, reviewing various charger types (static and mobile), charging policies (including full and partial charging), charging modes (offline and online), and charging schemes (periodic and on-demand). We also present the collaborative charging mechanisms. Additionally, we address several key challenges facing WRSNs, such as energy consumption, multi-charger coordination, dynamic network recharging, monitoring & security threats, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging, and hybrid WRSNs Finally, we highlight trends and future directions for integrating advanced artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into WRSNs.

Citation

Abdel Aziz, S., Wang, X., Hawbani, A., Qureshi, . B., Alsamhi, S. H., Alabsi, A., Zhao, L., Al-Dubai, A., & Ismail, . A. (online). Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks: Energy Provisioning Technologies, Charging Scheduling Schemes, and Challenges. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing, https://doi.org/10.1109/TSUSC.2025.3549414

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Mar 4, 2025
Online Publication Date Mar 10, 2025
Deposit Date Mar 11, 2025
Publicly Available Date Mar 11, 2025
Journal IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing
Electronic ISSN 2377-3782
Publisher Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/TSUSC.2025.3549414
Keywords charging scheduling schemes, charging policy, energy provisioning techniques, collaborative charging mechanisms, wireless rechargeable sensor networks
Public URL http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4171945
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals:

SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

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Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks: Energy Provisioning Technologies, Charging Scheduling Schemes, and Challenges (accepted version) (1.7 Mb)
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