Which bugs are missed in code reviews: an empirical study on SmartSHARK dataset

Khoshnoud, Fatemeh; Nasab, Ali Rezaei; Toudeji, Zahra; Sami, Ashkan

Abstract

In pull-based development systems, code reviews and pull request comments play important roles in improving code quality. In such systems, reviewers attempt to carefully check a piece of code by different unit tests. Unfortunately, sometimes they miss bugs in their review of pull requests, which lead to quality degradations of the systems. In other words, disastrous consequences occur when bugs are observed after merging the pull requests. The lack of a concrete understanding of these bugs led us to investigate and categorize them. In this research, we try to identify missed bugs in pull requests of SmartSHARK dataset projects. Our contribution is twofold. First, we hypothesized merged pull requests that have code reviews, code review comments,or pull request comments after merging, may have missed bugs after the code review. We considered these merged pull requests as candidate pull requests having missed bugs. Based on our assumption, we obtained 3,261 candidate pull requests from 77 open-source GitHub projects. After two rounds of restrictive manual analysis, we found 187 bugs missed in 173 pull requests. In the first step, we found 224 buggy pull requests containing missed bugs after merging the pull requests. Secondly, we defined and finalized a taxonomy that is appropriate for the bugs that we found and then found the distribution of bug categories after analysing those pull requests all over again. The categories of missed bugs in pull requests and their distributions are: semantic (51.34%), build (15.5%), analysis checks (9.09%), compatibility (7.49%), concurrency (4.28%), configuration (4.28%), GUI (2.14%), API (2.14%), security (2.14%), and memory (1.6%).

Citation

Khoshnoud, F., Nasab, A. R., Toudeji, Z., & Sami, A. (2022, May). Which bugs are missed in code reviews: an empirical study on SmartSHARK dataset. Presented at MSR '22: 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories, Pittsburgh, US

• Presentation Conference Type: Conference Paper (published)
• Conference Name: MSR '22: 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories
• Start Date: May 23, 2022
• End Date: May 24, 2022
• Acceptance Date: Mar 21, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Oct 17, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022-05
• Deposit Date: Jul 15, 2024
• Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Pages: 137 - 141
• Book Title: MSR '22: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories
• ISBN: 9781450393034
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3524842.3527997