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Dairy product consumption, eating habits, sedentary behaviour and physical activity association with bone mineral density among adolescent boys: a cross-sectional observational study

Kopiczko, Anna; Czapla, Michał; Juárez-Vela, Raúl; Ross, Catherine; Uchmanowicz, Bartosz

Authors

Anna Kopiczko

Michał Czapla

Raúl Juárez-Vela

Bartosz Uchmanowicz



Abstract

Background: During childhood and adolescence, skeletal microarchitecture and bone mineral density (BMD) undergo significant changes. Peak bone mass is built and its level significantly affects the condition of bones in later years of life. Understanding the modifiable factors that improve bone parameters at an early age is necessary to early prevent osteoporosis. To identify these modifiable factors we analysed the relationship between dairy product consumption, eating habits, sedentary behaviour, and level of physical activity with BMD in 115 young boys (14–17 years). Methods: Bone parameters were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry using paediatric specific software to compile the data. Dairy product consumption and eating habits were assessed by means of a dietary interview. Sedentary behaviour and physical activity was assessed in a face-to-face interview conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data collection on total physical activity level was performed by collecting information on the number of days and the duration of vigorous and moderate intensity (MVPA) and average daily time spent in sitting (SIT time). Results: The strongest relationships with BMD in distal part of forearm were found for moderate plus vigorous activity, sit time, and intake of dairy products, intake of calcium, protein, vitamin D, phosphorus from diet. Relationships between BMD, bone mineral content (BMC) in the distal and proximal part of the forearm and PA, sit time and eating parameters were evaluated using the multiple forward stepwise regression. The presented model explained 48–67% (adjusted R2 = 0.48–0.67; p < 0.001) of the variance in bone parameters. The predictor of interactions of three variables: protein intake (g/person/day), vitamin D intake (µg/day) and phosphorus intake (mg/day) was significant for BMD dis (adjusted R2 = 0.59; p < 0.001). The predictor of interactions of two variables: SIT time (h/day) and dairy products (n/day) was significant for BMD prox (adjusted R2 = 0.48; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the predictor of interactions dairy products (n/day), protein intake (g/person/day) and phosphorus intake (mg/day) was significant for BMC prox and dis (adjusted R2 = 0.63–0.67; p < 0.001). Conclusions: High physical activity and optimal eating habits especially adequate intake of important dietary components for bone health such as calcium, protein, vitamin D and phosphorus affect the mineralization of forearm bones.

Citation

Kopiczko, A., Czapla, M., Juárez-Vela, R., Ross, C., & Uchmanowicz, B. (2024). Dairy product consumption, eating habits, sedentary behaviour and physical activity association with bone mineral density among adolescent boys: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Pediatrics, 24(1), Article 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04539-y

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 4, 2024
Online Publication Date Jan 17, 2024
Publication Date 2024
Deposit Date Jan 24, 2024
Publicly Available Date Jan 24, 2024
Journal BMC Pediatrics
Electronic ISSN 1471-2431
Publisher BMC
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 24
Issue 1
Article Number 53
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04539-y
Keywords Vitamin D, Calcium, Adolescents, Physical activity, Eating habits, Dairy products, Phosphorus, Protein, Bone health, Sedentary behaviour
Public URL http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3487892

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