Road space reallocation in Scotland: A health impact assessment

Douglas, Margaret J.; Teuton, Joanna; Macdonald, Alison; Whyte, Bruce; Davis, Adrian L.

Abstract

Introduction
Road space reallocation involves re-distributing space away from motor vehicles, including car parking and carriageway space, towards other uses. This can promote a shift to more sustainable travel modes and is likely to affect health through multiple pathways.

Methods
We conducted a health impact assessment to identify and assess the potential impacts of road space reallocation on health and health inequalities in Scotland. This involved a facilitated scoping workshop to identify potential impacts, collation of routine data, interviews with 13 key informants and a rapid review of research literature.

Results
We found that road space reallocation could have positive impacts on health by reducing overall levels of private motorised traffic, encouraging walking, wheeling and cycling, realising benefits from alternative uses of space and supporting local businesses. There is potential for positive impact on public transport if space is reallocated to prioritise buses, but bus users can also be disadvantaged if bus routes are diverted or stops impeded. Reallocation can improve transport and health equity if it increases support for modes other than car use, but disabled people may be disadvantaged if the reallocated space, and alternative modes, are not accessible for them.

Conclusions
Road space reallocation can improve health and help reduce health inequalities. However, consideration is needed to ensure sufficient alternatives to car use are supported and the reallocated space is accessible for people with different needs. Reallocation schemes should be considered as part of a wider inclusive approach to road transport supporting active travel and public or community transport. Road space reallocation should contribute to wider place-making initiatives aiming to improve quality of local environments and meet community needs.

Citation

Douglas, M. J., Teuton, J., Macdonald, A., Whyte, B., & Davis, A. L. (2023). Road space reallocation in Scotland: A health impact assessment. Journal of transport & health, 30, Article 101625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2023.101625

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 2, 2023
• Online Publication Date: May 12, 2023
• Publication Date: 2023-05
• Deposit Date: May 21, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: May 22, 2023
• Journal: Journal of Transport & Health
• Print ISSN: 2214-1405
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 30
• Article Number: 101625
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2023.101625
• Keywords: Health impact assessment, Transport, Road space reallocation, Healthy places, Active travel, Public transport