Responsiveness and ceiling effects of the English version of the 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool following hip arthroscopy at minimum one-year follow-up

Robinson, Patrick G.; Maempel, Julian F.; Murray, Iain R.; Rankin, Conor S.; Hamilton, David F.; Gaston, Paul

Abstract

Aims
Responsiveness and ceiling effects are key properties of an outcome score. No such data have been reported for the original English version of the International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12) at a follow-up of more than four months. The aim of this study was to identify the responsiveness and ceiling effects of the English version iHOT-12 in a series of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for intra-articular hip pathology at a minimum of one year postoperatively.

Methods
A total of 171 consecutive patients undergoing hip arthroscopy with a diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) under the care of a single surgeon between January 2013 and March 2017 were included. iHOT-12 and EuroQol 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) scores were available pre- and postoperatively. Effect size and ceiling effects for the iHOT-12 were calculated with subgroup analysis.

Results
A total of 122 patients (71.3%) completed postoperative PROMs scores with median follow-up of 24.3 months (interquartile range (IQR) 17.2 to 33.5). The median total cohort iHOT-12 score improved significantly from 31.0 (IQR 20 to 58) preoperatively to 72.5 (IQR 47 to 90) postoperatively (p < 0.001). The effect size (Cohen’s d) was 1.59. In all, 33 patients (27%) scored within ten points (10%) of the maximum score and 38 patients (31.1%) scored within the previously reported minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the maximum score. Furthermore, nine (47%) male patients aged < 30 years scored within 10% of the maximum score and ten (53%) scored within the previously reported MCID of the maximum score.

Conclusion
There is a previously unreported ceiling effect of the iHOT-12 at a minimum one-year follow-up which is particularly marked in young, male patients following hip arthroscopy for FAI. This tool may not have the maximum measurement required to capture the true outcome following this procedure.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 24, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Jul 31, 2020
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Deposit Date: Nov 9, 2020
• Journal: The Bone & Joint Journal
• Print ISSN: 2049-4394
• Electronic ISSN: 2049-4408
• Publisher: British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 102-B
• Issue: 8
• Pages: 1010-1015
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b8.bjj-2020-0074.r1
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2698227