Towards Mode-Multiplexed Fiber Sensors: An Investigation on the Spectral Response of Etched Graded Index OM4 Multi-Mode Fiber with Bragg grating for Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement

Bremer, Kort; Alwis, Lourdes Shanika Malindi; Zheng, Yulong; Roth, Bernhard Wilhelm

Abstract

An investigation on the feasibility of utilizing Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) for simultaneous measurement of Surrounding Refractive Index (SRI) and temperature using a single sensor element based on an etched OM4 Graded Index Multi Mode Fiber (GI-MMF) with an integrated fiber Bragg Grating (BG), is presented. The proposed work is focused on the concept of principle mode groups (PMGs) generated by the OM4 GI-MMF whose response to SRI and temperature would be different and thus discrimination of the said two parameters can be achieved simultaneously via a single sensor element. Results indicate that the response of all PMGs to temperature to be equal, i.e., 11.4 pm/°C, while the response to SRI depends on each PMG. Thus, it is evident that temperature “de-coupled” SRI measurement can be achieved by deducing the temperature effects experienced by the sensor element. Sensitivity of the PMGs to applied SRI varied from 3.04 nm/RIU to of 0.22 nm/RIU from the highest to lowest PMG, respectively. The results verify that it is feasible to obtain dual measurement of SRI and temperature simultaneously using the same, i.e., single, sensing element.

Citation

Bremer, K., Alwis, L. S. M., Zheng, Y., & Roth, B. W. (2020). Towards Mode-Multiplexed Fiber Sensors: An Investigation on the Spectral Response of Etched Graded Index OM4 Multi-Mode Fiber with Bragg grating for Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement. Applied Sciences, 10(1), Article 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10010337

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 28, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Jan 2, 2020
• Publication Date: Jan 2, 2020
• Deposit Date: Jan 14, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 14, 2020
• Journal: Applied Sciences
• Electronic ISSN: 2076-3417
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 10
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 337
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10010337
• Keywords: Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM); Few-Mode Fiber (FMF); principle mode groups (PMG); Bragg grating (BG); multi-mode fiber bragg grating; fiber optic sensor (FOS); multi-parameter sensing
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2475599