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On the Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Structures: An Integrated Design Methodology for Optimisation, Considering Thermal Loads and Novel Techniques (2024)
Journal Article
Bichan, M., Jaen-Sola, P., Gonzalez-Delgado, D., & Oterkus, E. (2024). On the Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Structures: An Integrated Design Methodology for Optimisation, Considering Thermal Loads and Novel Techni

With the rapid expansion of offshore wind capacity worldwide, minimising operation and maintenance requirements is pivotal. Regarded as a low-maintenance alternative to conventional drivetrain systems, direct-drive generators are increasingly commonp... Read More about On the Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Structures: An Integrated Design Methodology for Optimisation, Considering Thermal Loads and Novel Techniques.

A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Sustainable Design, Optimisation and Real-Time Structural Integrity Assessment of Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Generators for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines (2024)
Journal Article
McDonald, A., & Jaen-Sola, P. (2024). A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Sustainable Design, Optimisation and Real-Time Structural Integrity Assessment of Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Generators for Direct-Drive Wind

The mass of a direct-drive generator is often defined by the requirements for structural stiffness to meet the magnetic stiffness between the rotor and stator surfaces. This paper analyses this magnetic stiffness and estimates the structural stiffnes... Read More about A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Sustainable Design, Optimisation and Real-Time Structural Integrity Assessment of Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Generators for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines.

A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Design and Optimization of Radial Flux PM Generators for Sustainable Direct-Drive Wind Turbines (2024)
Preprint / Working Paper
McDonald, A., & Jaen-Sola, P. A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Design and Optimization of Radial Flux PM Generators for Sustainable Direct-Drive Wind Turbines

The mass of a direct-drive generator is often defined by the requirements for structural stiffness to meet the magnetic stiffness between the rotor and stator surfaces. This paper analyses this magnetic stiffness and estimates the structural stiffnes... Read More about A Stiffness Approach for Coupling Structural and Magnetic Models for the Design and Optimization of Radial Flux PM Generators for Sustainable Direct-Drive Wind Turbines.

An Efficient Computational Analysis and Modelling of Transferred Aerodynamic Loading on Direct-Drive System of 5 MW Wind Turbine and Results Driven Optimisation for a Sustainable Generator Structure (2024)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, S., Jaen-Sola, P., & Oterkus, E. (in press). An Efficient Computational Analysis and Modelling of Transferred Aerodynamic Loading on Direct-Drive System of 5 MW Wind Turbine and Results Driven Optimisation for a Sustainable Generator Structure

The study presents an efficient computational investigation on the behaviour of the direct-drive system integrated into the offshore 5 MW NREL wind turbine model under demanding aerodynamic loading conditions with the aim of optimising and developing... Read More about An Efficient Computational Analysis and Modelling of Transferred Aerodynamic Loading on Direct-Drive System of 5 MW Wind Turbine and Results Driven Optimisation for a Sustainable Generator Structure.

Simulation of a Solar Dryer for Use in Developing Countries (2023)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Muhammad-Sukki, F., Abiola Oladimeji, A., Sola, P. J., See, C. H., Bani, N. A., Muhtazaruddin, M. N., Amran, M. E., & Ahmad Kamil, A. S. (2023, October). Simulation of a Solar Dryer for Use in Developing Countries. Presented at 2023 International Conferen

This paper examines the implementation of solar dryers in developing countries. Simulations were carried out using a simple model of a solar dryer to validate the drying process for various crops and fish products. The solar dryer simulator model in... Read More about Simulation of a Solar Dryer for Use in Developing Countries.

Towards an Integrated Design of Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Supporting Structures (2023)
Journal Article
Touw, L., Jaen Sola, P., & Oterkus, E. (2023). Towards an Integrated Design of Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Supporting Structures. Wind, 3(3), 343-360. https://doi.org/10.3390/wind3030020

Rotor and stator support structures of significant size and mass are required to withstand the considerable loads that direct-drive wind turbine electrical generators face to maintain an air-gap clearance that is open and stable. With the increase of... Read More about Towards an Integrated Design of Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Electrical Generator Supporting Structures.

Establishing the Importance of Operating Temperature in the Structural Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators (2023)
Journal Article
Bichan, M., Jack, A., & Jaen-Sola, P. (2023). Establishing the Importance of Operating Temperature in the Structural Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators. Machines, 11(8), Article 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11080780

Direct-drive generators are recognised for their low maintenance compared with conventional drivetrains, largely due to their fewer working parts. However, consequent to low-speed operation, these machines necessitate large diameters and are subject... Read More about Establishing the Importance of Operating Temperature in the Structural Integrity of Large-Scale Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators.

Design and optimization of multi-MW offshore direct-drive wind turbine electrical generator structures using generative design techniques (2023)
Journal Article
Gonzalez-Delgado, D., Jaen-Sola, P., & Oterkus, E. (2023). Design and optimization of multi-MW offshore direct-drive wind turbine electrical generator structures using generative design techniques. Ocean Engineering, 280, Article 114417. https://doi.org/1

The use of generative design as an alternative to typical structural optimization techniques opens the door to new methods of manufacturing. In this study, generative design techniques were used as an automated iterative process with an extensive set... Read More about Design and optimization of multi-MW offshore direct-drive wind turbine electrical generator structures using generative design techniques.

Structural Optimisation of Offshore Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators Including Static and Dynamic Analyses (2021)
Journal Article
Tartt, K., Kazemi Amiri, A., McDonald, A., & Jaen-Sola, P. (2021). Structural Optimisation of Offshore Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators Including Static and Dynamic Analyses. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018(1), Article 012040. https://doi.

One way to achieve increased wind capacity is by installing larger and more efficient wind turbines, which results in larger/heavier generators. Direct-drive, permanent magnet generators are favoured due to their increased efficiency, but the added w... Read More about Structural Optimisation of Offshore Direct-Drive Wind Turbine Generators Including Static and Dynamic Analyses.