All Outputs (15)

Biomarkers of insulin resistance and their performance as predictors of treatment response in overweight adults (2025)
Journal Article
Brogan, R. J., Rooyackers, O., Phillips, B. E., Twelkmeyer, B., Ross, L. M., Atherton, P. J., Kraus, W. E., Timmons, J. A., & Gallagher, I. J. (online). Biomarkers of insulin resistance and their performance as predictors of treatment response in overweight adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Article dgaf285. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaf285

Context
Insulin Resistance (IR) contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Amino acid and lipid metabolomic biomarkers associate with future T2DM risk i... Read More about Biomarkers of insulin resistance and their performance as predictors of treatment response in overweight adults.

Sex differences in absolute and relative changes in muscle size following resistance training in healthy adults: a systematic review with Bayesian meta-analysis (2025)
Journal Article
Refalo, M. C., Nuckols, G., Galpin, A. J., Gallagher, I. J., Hamilton, D. L., & Fyfe, J. J. (2025). Sex differences in absolute and relative changes in muscle size following resistance training in healthy adults: a systematic review with Bayesian meta-analysis. PeerJ, 13, Article e19042. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19042

Background
Muscle hypertrophy may be influenced by biological differences between males and females. This meta-analysis investigated absolute and relative changes in muscle size following resistance training (RT) between males and females and whethe... Read More about Sex differences in absolute and relative changes in muscle size following resistance training in healthy adults: a systematic review with Bayesian meta-analysis.

Nicotinic acid improves mitochondrial function and associated transcriptional pathways in older inactive males (2024)
Journal Article
Deane, C. S., Willis, C. R. G., Gallagher, I. J., Brook, M. S., Gharahdaghi, N., Wylie, L. J., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., & Etheridge, T. (in press). Nicotinic acid improves mitochondrial function and associated transcriptional pathways in older inactive males. Translational Exercise Biomedicine, 1(3-4), 277-294. https://doi.org/10.1515/teb-2024-0030

Objectives: To examine the effect of the NAD+ precursor, nicotinic acid (NA), for improving skeletal muscle status in sedentary older people. Methods: In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled design, 18 sedentary yet otherwise healthy older... Read More about Nicotinic acid improves mitochondrial function and associated transcriptional pathways in older inactive males.

A glossary for social-to-biological research (2024)
Journal Article
Robertson, T., Benzeval, M., Betzer, M., Booker, C., Castagné, R., Delpierre, C., Gallagher, I., Kelly-Irving, M., McCrory, C., Morris, T., Narimatsu, E., & Paval, R. (2025). A glossary for social-to-biological research. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 16(1), 75-121. https://doi.org/10.1332/17579597y2024d000000032

Research has shown that our socially structured experiences elicit a biological response, leading to the observation that numerous biomarkers (objective biological measures that are representative of various biological processes) are socially pattern... Read More about A glossary for social-to-biological research.

Defining non-inferiority margins in randomised controlled surgical trials: a protocol for a systematic review (2024)
Journal Article
Kuemmerli, C., Gallagher, I. J., Skipworth, R., & Laird, B. (2024). Defining non-inferiority margins in randomised controlled surgical trials: a protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open, 14(8), Article e089587. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089587

Background: The reporting of randomised controlled non-inferiority (NI) drug trials is poor with less than 50% of published trials reporting a justification of the NI margin. This is despite the introduction of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting... Read More about Defining non-inferiority margins in randomised controlled surgical trials: a protocol for a systematic review.

A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis assessing intelectin-1 in cancer patients and healthy individuals (2024)
Journal Article
Paval, D. R., Di Virgilio, T. G., Skipworth, R. J. E., & Gallagher, I. J. (2024). A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis assessing intelectin-1 in cancer patients and healthy individuals. Frontiers in Oncology, 14, Article 1198555. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1198555

Background: Intelectin-1 (ITLN1) is an adipokine with multiple physiological functions, including a role in tumour formation and development. Previous research reported variable ITLN1 levels for cancer patients and healthy individuals. This study aim... Read More about A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis assessing intelectin-1 in cancer patients and healthy individuals.

Association between menstrual cycle phase and metabolites in healthy, regularly menstruating women in UK Biobank, and effect modification by inflammatory markers and risk factors for metabolic disease (2023)
Journal Article
MacGregor, K. A., Ho, F. K., Celis-Morales, C. A., Pell, J. P., Gallagher, I. J., & Moran, C. N. (2023). Association between menstrual cycle phase and metabolites in healthy, regularly menstruating women in UK Biobank, and effect modification by inflammatory markers and risk factors for metabolic disease. BMC Medicine, 21(1), Article 488. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03195-w

Background: Preliminary evidence demonstrates some parameters of metabolic control, including glycaemic control, lipid control and insulin resistance, vary across the menstrual cycle. However, the literature is inconsistent, and the underlying mechan... Read More about Association between menstrual cycle phase and metabolites in healthy, regularly menstruating women in UK Biobank, and effect modification by inflammatory markers and risk factors for metabolic disease.

Transcriptomics for Clinical and Experimental Biology Research: Hang on a Seq (2023)
Journal Article
Stokes, T., Cen, H. H., Kapranov, P., Gallagher, I. J., Pitsillides, A. A., Volmar, C., Kraus, W. E., Johnson, J. D., Phillips, S. M., Wahlestedt, C., & Timmons, J. A. (2023). Transcriptomics for Clinical and Experimental Biology Research: Hang on a Seq. Advanced Genetics, 4(2), Article 2200024. https://doi.org/10.1002/ggn2.202200024

Sequencing the human genome empowers translational medicine, facilitating transcriptome-wide molecular diagnosis, pathway biology, and drug repositioning. Initially, microarrays are used to study the bulk transcriptome; but now short-read RNA sequenc... Read More about Transcriptomics for Clinical and Experimental Biology Research: Hang on a Seq.

Circulating c-Met–Expressing Memory T Cells Define Cardiac Autoimmunity (2022)
Journal Article
Fanti, S., Stephenson, E., Rocha-Vieira, E., Protonotarios, A., Kanoni, S., Shahaj, E., Longhi, M. P., Vyas, V. S., Dyer, C., Pontarini, E., Asimaki, A., Bueno-Beti, C., De Gaspari, M., Rizzo, S., Basso, C., Bombardieri, M., Coe, D., Wang, G., Harding, D., Gallagher, I., …Marelli-Berg, F. M. (2022). Circulating c-Met–Expressing Memory T Cells Define Cardiac Autoimmunity. Circulation, 146(25), 1930-1945. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.121.055610

Background:
Autoimmunity is increasingly recognized as a key contributing factor in heart muscle diseases. The functional features of cardiac autoimmunity in humans remain undefined because of the challenge of studying immune responses in situ. We p... Read More about Circulating c-Met–Expressing Memory T Cells Define Cardiac Autoimmunity.

Bayesian analysis of changes in standing horizontal and vertical jump after different modes of resistance training (2022)
Journal Article
Wilson, M. T., Macgregor, L. J., Fyfe, J., Hunter, A. M., Hamilton, D. L., & Gallagher, I. J. (2022). Bayesian analysis of changes in standing horizontal and vertical jump after different modes of resistance training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 40(15), 1700-1711. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2100676

Training interventions often have small effects and are tested in small samples. We used a Bayesian approach to examine the change in jump distance after different resistance training programmes. Thirty-three 18- to 45-year-old males completed one of... Read More about Bayesian analysis of changes in standing horizontal and vertical jump after different modes of resistance training.

Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Menstrual Cycle Is Modified by BMI, Fitness, and Physical Activity in NHANES (2021)
Journal Article
MacGregor, K. A., Gallagher, I. J., & Moran, C. N. (2021). Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Menstrual Cycle Is Modified by BMI, Fitness, and Physical Activity in NHANES. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 106(10), 2979-2990. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab415

Context
There is evidence demonstrating variation in insulin sensitivity across the menstrual cycle. However, to date, research has yielded inconsistent results.

Objective
This study investigated variation in insulin sensitivity across the menst... Read More about Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Menstrual Cycle Is Modified by BMI, Fitness, and Physical Activity in NHANES.

Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities (2021)
Journal Article
Pina, I., Mendham, A. E., Tomaz, S. A., Goedecke, J. H., Micklesfield, L. K., Brooks, N. E., Gallagher, I. J., Crockett, R., Dudchenko, P., & Hunter, A. M. (2021). Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), Article 4310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084310

This study aimed to investigate differences in physical activity (PA) patterns and the associations between objectively measured 24-h movement behaviors and musculoskeletal measures (muscle strength, muscle mass, physical performance, and bone minera... Read More about Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities.

Food Security, Dietary Intake, and Foodways of Urban Low-Income Older South African Women: An Exploratory Study (2021)
Journal Article
Odunitan-Wayas, F. A., Faber, M., Mendham, A. E., Goedecke, J. H., Micklesfield, L. K., Brooks, N. E., Christensen, D. L., Gallagher, I. J., Myburgh, K. H., Hunter, A. M., & Lambert, E. V. (2021). Food Security, Dietary Intake, and Foodways of Urban Low-Income Older South African Women: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), Article 3973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083973

This cross-sectional study explored the differences in sociodemographics, dietary intake, and household foodways (cultural, socioeconomic practices that affect food purchase, consumption, and preferences) of food secure and food insecure older women... Read More about Food Security, Dietary Intake, and Foodways of Urban Low-Income Older South African Women: An Exploratory Study.

The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo (2020)
Journal Article
Bass, J. J., Kazi, A. A., Deane, C. S., Nakhuda, A., Ashcroft, S. P., Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Phillips, B. E., Philp, A., Tarum, J., Kadi, F., Andersen, D., Garcia, A. M., Smith, K., Gallagher, I. J., Szewczyk, N. J., Cleasby, M. E., & Atherton, P. J. (2021). The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo. Journal of Physiology, 599(3), 963-979. https://doi.org/10.1113/jp280652

Vitamin D deficiency is estimated to affect ∼40% of the world's population and has been associated with impaired muscle maintenance. Vitamin D exerts its actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), the expression of which was recently confirmed in... Read More about The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo.

Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress) (2019)
Journal Article
Ryde, G. C., Dreczkowski, G., Gallagher, I., Chesham, R., & Gorely, T. (2019). Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(11), Article 1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111906

Background: Stress and poor mental health are significant issues in the workplace and are a major cause of absenteeism and reduced productivity. Understanding what might contribute towards employee stress is important for managing mental health in th... Read More about Device-Measured Desk-Based Occupational Sitting Patterns and Stress (Hair Cortisol and Perceived Stress).