'I feel persecuted. It's so distressing and upsetting, it is all too much.' A disablist hate crime typology: intimidation, exploitation, and brutalisation

Houghton, Valerie; Muller, Thaddeus

Abstract

In this article, we develop a typology of disablist hate crime that does justice to the lived experience of victims and highlights the differences between disablist hate crime and other forms of hate crime in England. This research consists of analyses of cases and semi-structured interviews with professionals. Based on interaction type, its duration, meaning, frequency, severity, and harm, we developed three categories: (1) intimidation, (2) exploitation and (3) brutalization. We argue that because of the specific symbolic nature of targeting disabled people, these acts should be considered as potential hate crimes.

Citation

Houghton, V., & Muller, T. (online). 'I feel persecuted. It's so distressing and upsetting, it is all too much.' A disablist hate crime typology: intimidation, exploitation, and brutalisation. British Journal of Criminology, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaf014

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Feb 4, 2025
• Online Publication Date: Mar 10, 2025
• Deposit Date: Mar 10, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 20, 2025
• Print ISSN: 0007-0955
• Electronic ISSN: 1464-3529
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaf014
• Keywords: disability, disablist hate crime, violence, intimidation, exploitation, brutalization
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4108385