A Descriptive and Phenomenological Exploration of the Spiritual Needs of Chinese Children Hospitalized with Cancer

Liu, Qi; Ho, Ka-Yan; Lam, Katherine-Ka-Wai; Lam, Winsome-Yuk-Yin; Cheng, Eileen-Hui-Lin; Ching, Shirley-Siu-Yin; Wong, Frances-Kam-Yuet

Abstract

Spiritual well-being is the fourth dimension of health, as equally important as physical, mental, and social well-being. The shadow of death associated with cancer triggers children to explore their personal values, meanings, and life goals throughout the illness trajectory, enabling them to identify their unique spiritual needs. Chinese children are generally non-religious, unlike Western children, which affects their spiritual needs. To address the literature gaps, we applied a qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological approach for exploring the spiritual needs of Chinese children hospitalized with cancer. Purposive sampling was conducted in two public hospitals with special wards for pediatric oncology patients in Hunan Province, China. Consequently, 22 children, hospitalized with cancer, were recruited and individually interviewed using a semi-structured interview format. We conducted a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. Four important themes were identified: the need for self-exploration, inner needs, need for a connection with others, and need for a connection with gods, supernatural powers, and fictional characters. We found that culture significantly influenced the spiritual needs of Chinese children with cancer. Hope was a key factor motivating the children to continue cancer treatment. To address their unique spiritual needs, culturally specific interventions should be developed and incorporated into their care to enhance their spiritual well-being.

Citation

Liu, Q., Ho, K.-Y., Lam, K.-K.-W., Lam, W.-Y.-Y., Cheng, E.-H.-L., Ching, S.-S.-Y., & Wong, F.-K.-Y. (2022). A Descriptive and Phenomenological Exploration of the Spiritual Needs of Chinese Children Hospitalized with Cancer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), Article 13217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013217

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 11, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Oct 14, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022
• Deposit Date: Jul 24, 2023
• Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 19
• Issue: 20
• Article Number: 13217
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013217
• Keywords: spiritual well-being; pediatric oncology; psychological health; symptoms; Chinese
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3138767