Local contributions to beta-diversity in urban pond networks: implications for biodiversity conservation and management

Hill, Matthew; White, James; Biggs, Jeremy; Briers, Robert; Gledhill, David; Ledger, Mark; Thornhill, Ian; Wood, Paul; Hassall, Chris

Abstract

Aim: An understanding of how biotic communities are spatially organised is necessary to identify and prioritize habitats within landscape-scale biodiversity conservation. Local Contribution to Beta diversity (LCBD) identifies individual habitats that make a significant contribution to beta-diversity and may have important practical implications, particularly for conservation of habitat networks. In this study, we develop and apply a conservation prioritisation approach based on LCBD of aquatic invertebrate communities from 132 ponds.

Location: Five urban settlements in England: Halton, Loughborough, Stockport, Birmingham, Huddersfield.

Methods: We partition LCBD into richness difference (nestedness: RichDiffLCBD) and species replacement (turnover: ReplLCBD) and identify key environmental variables driving LCBD. We examine LCBD at two scales relevant to conservation planning: within urban settlements and nationally across England.

Results: Significant differences in LCBD values were recorded among the five settlements. In four of the five urban settlements studied, pond sites with the greatest LCBD values typically showed high replacement values. Significant LCBD sites, and sites with high taxonomic diversity together supported more of the regional species pool (70%-97%) than sites with high taxonomic diversity alone (54% to 94%) or what could be protected by the random selection of sites. LCBD was significantly associated with vegetation shading, surface area, altitude and macrophyte cover.

Main conclusions: Conservation prioritisation that incorporates LCBD and sites with high taxonomic diversity improves the effectiveness of conservation actions within pond habitat networks, ensures site supporting high biodiversity are protected, and provides a method to define a spatial network of protected sites. Identifying new, effective conservation approaches, particularly in urban areas where resources may be scarce and conflicts regarding land use exist, is essential to ensure biodiversity is fully supported and detrimental anthropogenic effects are reduced.

Citation

Hill, M., White, J., Biggs, J., Briers, R., Gledhill, D., Ledger, M., Thornhill, I., Wood, P., & Hassall, C. (2021). Local contributions to beta-diversity in urban pond networks: implications for biodiversity conservation and management. Diversity and Distributions, 27(5), 887-900. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13239

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jan 13, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Mar 15, 2021
• Publication Date: 2021-05
• Deposit Date: Jan 14, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 15, 2021
• Journal: Diversity and Distributions
• Print ISSN: 1366-9516
• Electronic ISSN: 1472-4642
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 27
• Issue: 5
• Pages: 887-900
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13239
• Keywords: ecological uniqueness; conservation; LCBD; spatial patterns; taxonomic richness; urban ecology
• Public URL: http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2715095