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Nitrate Pollution Mapping for Reservoirs Using Flexible Sensors Integrated with Underwater Robot (2025)
Journal Article
Markapudi, P. R., Beg, M., Kadara, R. O., Paul, F., Kerrouche, A., See, C. H., & Manjakkal, L. (online). Nitrate Pollution Mapping for Reservoirs Using Flexible Sensors Integrated with Underwater Robot. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2025.3588067

Water pollution monitoring is crucial for environmental protection, playing a key role in safeguarding ecosystems, protecting public health and promoting sustainable development. However, traditional methods face challenges related to accessibility,... Read More about Nitrate Pollution Mapping for Reservoirs Using Flexible Sensors Integrated with Underwater Robot.

Electrochemical capacitors with lithium chloride/polyvinyl alcohol solid polymer electrolyte for ionotronic-based thermal sensors (2025)
Journal Article
Manjakkal, L., Kumar, C., Beg, M., Mathew, A., Saju, J., Paul, F., & Markapudi, P. R. (2025). Electrochemical capacitors with lithium chloride/polyvinyl alcohol solid polymer electrolyte for ionotronic-based thermal sensors. Electrochimica Acta, 536, Article 146740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146740

This paper describes an ionotronic-based sensor that can detect changes in temperature using a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)-based transparent electrochemical capacitor (EC). The EC developed using flexible ITO as an active electrode and polyvinyl... Read More about Electrochemical capacitors with lithium chloride/polyvinyl alcohol solid polymer electrolyte for ionotronic-based thermal sensors.

RF-sputtered Al-doped ZnO-based transparent electrochemical capacitors developed as a structural energy storage to replace double-glazed window for a smart building (2025)
Journal Article
Paul, F., Narayanan, V. K., Gopidas, S. S., Markapudi, P. R., See, C. H., Jose, G., Potty, S. N., & Manjakkal, L. (2025). RF-sputtered Al-doped ZnO-based transparent electrochemical capacitors developed as a structural energy storage to replace double-glazed window for a smart building. Applied Physics Letters, 126(13), Article 133901. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0255229

Structural energy storage combines energy storage with structural strength, reducing weight, saving space, and improving efficiency. Among various types, transparent structural energy storage shows strong potential for seamless integration into windo... Read More about RF-sputtered Al-doped ZnO-based transparent electrochemical capacitors developed as a structural energy storage to replace double-glazed window for a smart building.

Flexible Electrochemical Capacitors based on ZnO-Carbon Black Composite (2025)
Journal Article
Habib, W., Saji, A., Paul, F., Markapudi, P. R., Wilson, C., & Manjakkal, L. (2025). Flexible Electrochemical Capacitors based on ZnO-Carbon Black Composite. Results in Engineering, 25, Article 104510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104510

Flexible electrochemical capacitors (EC) or supercapacitors are found to be an efficient energy storage device for modern and future electronic gadgets that offer lightweight and compact energy solutions. In this work, we investigated the electrochem... Read More about Flexible Electrochemical Capacitors based on ZnO-Carbon Black Composite.

2D metal-organic framework Cu3(HHTP)2 composite electrode for flexible energy storage applications (2025)
Journal Article
Prince, M., Kanathedath, J., Paul, F., Markapudi, P. R., Beg, M., Paterson, L., Desmulliez, M. P., Pillai, S. C., & Manjakkal, L. (2025). 2D metal-organic framework Cu3(HHTP)2 composite electrode for flexible energy storage applications. Journal of Power Sources, 631, Article 236214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236214

Hydrothermally synthesized 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) Cu3(HHTP)2 was modified with carbon black (CB) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) to develop a flexible energy storage device. The efficiency of electro... Read More about 2D metal-organic framework Cu3(HHTP)2 composite electrode for flexible energy storage applications.

Biodegradable biopolymers for electrochemical energy storage devices in a circular economy (2024)
Journal Article
Beg, M., Saju, J., Alcock, K. M., Mavelil, A. T., Markapudi, P. R., Yu, H., & Manjakkal, L. (2025). Biodegradable biopolymers for electrochemical energy storage devices in a circular economy. RSC Sustainability, 3(1), 37-63. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4su00468j

The rising trend of green energy has made it necessary to utilise efficient green materials in electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) under a green economy. The need for sustainable energy storage technologies due to the rising demand for ene... Read More about Biodegradable biopolymers for electrochemical energy storage devices in a circular economy.

Smart-Textile-Based Electrochemical Capacitive Ionic Sensors for High-Performance Epidermal Electronics (2024)
Journal Article
Mavelil, A. T., Sam, V., Markapudi, P. R., Paul, F., Beg, M., & Manjakkal, L. (2024). Smart-Textile-Based Electrochemical Capacitive Ionic Sensors for High-Performance Epidermal Electronics. IEEE Sensors Letters, 8(7), Article 2000704. https://doi.org/10.1109/lsens.2024.3411780

Recently, biomedical engineering has placed greater importance on wearable and disposable health-care monitoring devices. Various degradable biosensors have been developed to measure human parameters, such as temperature, pH, pressure, strain, and io... Read More about Smart-Textile-Based Electrochemical Capacitive Ionic Sensors for High-Performance Epidermal Electronics.