Tri-Response Police, Ambulance, Mental Health Crisis Models in Reducing Involuntary Detentions of Mentally Ill People: A Systematic Review

Heffernan, Julia; McDonald, Ewan; Hughes, Elizabeth; Gray, Richard

doi:10.3390/nursrep12040096

Authors

Julia Heffernan

Ewan McDonald

Prof Liz Hughes L.Hughes@napier.ac.uk
Professor

Richard Gray

Abstract

Police, ambulance, and mental health tri-response services are a relatively new model of responding to people experiencing mental health crisis in the community, though limited evidence exists examining their efficacy. Reducing unnecessary involuntary detentions and emergency department presentations is believed to be a benefit of this model. A systematic review was performed to review the evidence base around the relationship between the police, ambulance, mental health tri-response models in reducing involuntary detentions of people experiencing mental health crisis. We searched key health databases for clinical studies and grey literature as per a previously published protocol. Two researchers completed title and abstract screening and full text screening. Our search identified 239 citations. No studies or grey literature met the inclusion criteria. We report an empty review. It is recommended that further investigation of the tri-response mental health crisis model be undertaken to determine its effectiveness and value as a health and emergency service initiative.

Citation

Heffernan, J., McDonald, E., Hughes, E., & Gray, R. (2022). Tri-Response Police, Ambulance, Mental Health Crisis Models in Reducing Involuntary Detentions of Mentally Ill People: A Systematic Review. Nursing Reports, 12(4), 1004-1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep12040096

Journal Article Type	Review
Acceptance Date	Dec 8, 2022
Online Publication Date	Dec 13, 2022
Publication Date	2022
Deposit Date	Jan 12, 2023
Publicly Available Date	Jan 12, 2023
Journal	Nursing Reports
Publisher	PAGEpress
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	12
Issue	4
Pages	1004-1013
DOI	https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep12040096
Keywords	systematic review, police, ambulance, mental illness, involuntary detention, section

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Copyright Statement
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).