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Multi-walled carbon nanotube induced frustrated phagocytosis, cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory conditions in macrophages are length dependent and greater than that of asbestos (2015)
Journal Article
Boyles, M. S., Young, L., Brown, D. M., MacCalman, L., Cowie, H., Moisala, A., …Stone, V. (2015). Multi-walled carbon nanotube induced frustrated phagocytosis, cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory conditions in macrophages are length dependent and greater than that of asbestos. Toxicology in Vitro, 29(7), 1513-1528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.012

The potential toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been compared to pathogenic fibres such as asbestos. It is important to test this hypothesis to ascertain safe methods for CNT production, handling and disposal. In this study aspects reported to... Read More about Multi-walled carbon nanotube induced frustrated phagocytosis, cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory conditions in macrophages are length dependent and greater than that of asbestos.

Engineered Nanomaterial Impact in the Liver following Exposure via an Intravenous Route–The Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Gene Expression in the Organ (2012)
Journal Article
Kermanizadeh, A., Brown, D. M., Hutchison, G. R., & Stone, V. (2012). Engineered Nanomaterial Impact in the Liver following Exposure via an Intravenous Route–The Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Gene Expression in the Organ. Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology, 4, 157. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000157

Background and methods: Following exposure via a number of routes (inhalation, ingestion or injection), some Nanomaterials (NMs) translocate to secondary tissues, prominently the liver. This study investigated the effects of an array of NMs, varyin... Read More about Engineered Nanomaterial Impact in the Liver following Exposure via an Intravenous Route–The Role of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Gene Expression in the Organ.

An in vitro study of the potential of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres to induce inflammatory mediators and frustrated phagocytosis. (2007)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Kinloch, I. A., Bangert, U., Windle, A., Walter, D. M., Walker, G. S., …Stone, V. (2007). An in vitro study of the potential of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres to induce inflammatory mediators and frustrated phagocytosis. Carbon, 45, 1743-1756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2007.05.011

There has been little information to date based on the potential health effects and hazards associated with the inhalation of carbon nanofibrous materials by workers despite their growing use in industry. This study examines the in vitro effects of a... Read More about An in vitro study of the potential of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres to induce inflammatory mediators and frustrated phagocytosis..

The effects of PM10 particles and oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: modulating effects of calcium-signaling antagonists. (2007)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Hutchison, L., Donaldson, K., & Stone, V. (2007). The effects of PM10 particles and oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: modulating effects of calcium-signaling antagonists. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 292, L1444-L1451. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00162.2006

We have previously examined the ability of air pollution particles (PM10) to promote release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and demonstrated a role for calcium as a signalin... Read More about The effects of PM10 particles and oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: modulating effects of calcium-signaling antagonists..

The effect of oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: The role of phosphodiesterases 1 and 4 (2007)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Hutchison, L., Donaldson, K., MacKenzie, S., Dick, C., & Stone, V. (2007). The effect of oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: The role of phosphodiesterases 1 and 4. Toxicology Letters, 168(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.10.016

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in various pulmonary diseases by causing direct injury to lung epithelial cells. Signalling activity of cells through transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and AP-1 have been s... Read More about The effect of oxidative stress on macrophages and lung epithelial cells: The role of phosphodiesterases 1 and 4.

Ultrafine particles cause cytoskeletal dysfunctions in macrophages: role of intracellular calcium. (2005)
Journal Article
Moller, W., Brown, D. M., Kreyling, L., & Stone, V. (2005). Ultrafine particles cause cytoskeletal dysfunctions in macrophages: role of intracellular calcium. Particle and fibre toxicology, 2, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-2-7

Background Particulate air pollution is reported to cause adverse health effects in susceptible individuals. Since most of these particles are derived form combustion processes, the primary composition product is carbon with a very small diameter (u... Read More about Ultrafine particles cause cytoskeletal dysfunctions in macrophages: role of intracellular calcium..

The effect of refurbishing a UK steel plant on PM10 metal composition and ability to induce inflammation (2005)
Journal Article
Hutchison, G. R., Brown, D. M., Hibbs, L. R., Heal, M. R., Donaldson, K., Maynard, R. L., …Stone, V. (2005). The effect of refurbishing a UK steel plant on PM10 metal composition and ability to induce inflammation. Respiratory Research, 6(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-6-43

In the year 2000 Corus closed its steel plant operations in Redcar, NE of England temporarily for refurbishment of its blast furnace. This study investigates the impact of the closure on the chemical composition and biological activity of PM10 collec... Read More about The effect of refurbishing a UK steel plant on PM10 metal composition and ability to induce inflammation.

Effects of PM10 in human peripheral blood monocytes and J774 macrophages (2004)
Journal Article
Brown, D., Donaldson, K., & Stone, V. (2004). Effects of PM10 in human peripheral blood monocytes and J774 macrophages. Respiratory Research, 5, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-5-29

The effects of PM10, one of the components of particulate air pollution, was investigated using human monocytes and a mouse macrophage cell line (J774). The study aimed to investigate the role of these nanoparticles on the release of the pro-inflamma... Read More about Effects of PM10 in human peripheral blood monocytes and J774 macrophages.

Calcium and ROS-mediated activation of transcription factors and TNF-α cytokine gene expression in macrophages exposed to ultrafine particles (2004)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Donaldson, K., Borm, P. J., Schins, R. P., Dehnhardt, M., Gilmour, P., …Stone, V. (2004). Calcium and ROS-mediated activation of transcription factors and TNF-α cytokine gene expression in macrophages exposed to ultrafine particles. American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 286(2), L344-L353. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00139.2003

Ultrafine (Uf) particles are a component of particulate air pollution suggested to be responsible for the health effects associated with elevations of this pollutant. We have previously suggested that Uf particles, through the induction of oxidative... Read More about Calcium and ROS-mediated activation of transcription factors and TNF-α cytokine gene expression in macrophages exposed to ultrafine particles.

Aluminium Lactate Treatment of DQ12 Quartz Inhibits Its Ability to Cause Inflammation, Chemokine Expression, and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation (2001)
Journal Article
Duffin, R., Gilmour, P. S., Schins, R. P., Clouter, A., Guy, K., Brown, D. M., …Stone, V. (2001). Aluminium Lactate Treatment of DQ12 Quartz Inhibits Its Ability to Cause Inflammation, Chemokine Expression, and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 176(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9268

In 1997, an IARC Working Group classified quartz (crystalline silica) as a Group 1 lung carcinogen, but only in some industries, i.e., the quartz hazard is a variable entity. The reactivity of the quartz surface may underlie its ability to cause infl... Read More about Aluminium Lactate Treatment of DQ12 Quartz Inhibits Its Ability to Cause Inflammation, Chemokine Expression, and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation.